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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| The 14th Amendment | One of the Civil War Amendments; defined US citizenship and guarantees ''equal protection under the law'' |
| De jure segregation | Segregation established by law. For example: Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision in PLessy v. Ferguson. |
| De facto segregation | Latin phrase that means ''by fact''. Segreation that occurred NOT by law but as a result of tradition. Example: In 1900's blacks and whites attended separate churches. |
| Jim Crow laws | Segregation laws in the South |
| Original Jurisdiction | Authority of a court to hear a case for the FIRST time. |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | The authority of a court to hear a case APPEALED from a lower court. |
| Legal Brief | A written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case. |
| Majority Opinion | A statement that present the views of the majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding a case. |
| Dissenting Opinion | A statement written by a Supreme Court justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion. |
| ''Stare Decisis'' | Principle followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a Latin term that means ''Let yesterday's decision stand'' |
| Precedent | A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case. Example: The case Plessy v. Ferguson established the precedent of ''separate but equal'' |
| Due process of laws | Means fair and equal treatment in a court of law. 5th & 14th amendment mention due process of laws. |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford (Slave) | The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were property, not citizens, and had no rights under the Constitution. (1857) |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | A black man, who purchased a ticked to ride in the whites only railroad car in Louisiana. (1896) |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas | Banned segregation in public schools. (1954) |
| Briggs v. Elliot | Case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, South Carolina (1954) |
| Reverend J. A. Delaine |
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