Physics Unit 2.1 Key Terms

Pregunta	Respuesta
Speed	rate of change of distance speed = distance/time
Velocity	rate of change of displacement velocity = displacement/time
Displacement	the vector measurement of a distance in a certain direction
Vector	has magnitude & direction
Scalar	has only magnitude
Average speed	average speed = total distance/total time
Instantaneous speed	the speed at any particular instant in time on a journey, which can be found from the gradient of the tangent on a time-distance graph at that time
Acceleration	the vector that is the rate of change of velocity a = (v-u) / t v = final velocity u = original velocity t = time
Displacement - time graph	a graph showing the positions visited on a journey, with displacement on the y-axis and time on the x-axis
Velocity - time graph	a graph showing the velocities on a journey, with velocity on the y-axis and time on the x - axis
Resultant Force	the total force (vector sum) acting on a body when all of the forces acting are added together accounting for direction
Free - body Force Diagram	has an object isolated with all forces acting on it at the points where they act, using arrows to represent the forces
Equilibrium	when a body has no resultant force or resultant movement acting on it (0 acceleration)
Principle of Moments	a body will be in equilibrium if the sum of the clockwise moments = the sum of the anti-clockwise moments
Centre of Gravity of an Object	the point through which the weight of the object appears to act
Newton's 1st Law of Motion	An object will remain at rest, or in a state of uniform motion, until acted upon by a resultant force
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion	If an object's mass is constant, the resultant force needed to cause an acceleration is given by the equation: F=ma
Newton's 3rd Law of Motion	For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Kinematics	the study of the description of the motion of objects
Uniform Motion	motion where there is no acceleration velocity = displacement / time
Resolution / Resolving Vectors	the determination of a pair of vectors, at right angles to each other, that sums to give the single vector they were resolved from
Projectile	a moving object on which the only force of significance acting is gravity. The trajectory thus is pre-determined by its initial velocity

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