Congress Vocab

Pregunta	Respuesta
Bicameral	Having two branches or chambers.
House of Representatives	The lower house of the US Congress and other legislatures, including most US state governments.
Constituents	Member of a constituency.
Gerrymander	Manipulate the boundaries of (an electoral constituency) so as to favor one party or class.
Senate	Any of various legislative or governing bodies, in particular.
Speaker of the House	The presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives.
President pro tempore	High-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president.
Party whips	Legislator appointed by the party to enforce discipline
Standing committee	Permanent committee that meets regularly.
Select committee	Small legislative committee appointed for a special purpose
Joint Committee	Committee appointed from both houses of a bicameral legislature in order to reach a compromise on their differences concerning a particular issue.
Seniority system	Precedence of position, especially precedence over others of the same rank by reason of a longer span of service
Expressed powers	Powers that Congress has that are specifically listed in the Constitution.
Implied powers	Powers notspecifically spelled out in the Constitution
Elastic clause	Statement in the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8) granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.
Impeach	Call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice)
Bills of attainder	Legislative act that imposes punishment without a trial
Ex post facto laws	Law that retroactively changes the legal consequences (or status) of actions that were committed
US Representative Qualifications	“No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.”
Franking privilege	The privilege of sending certain matter through the public mails without payment of postage. In pursuance of a personal or official privilege.
Pork Barrell Projects	The use of government funds for projects designed to please voters or legislators and win votes
US Senator Qualifications	Article I, Section 3 of the Constitution sets three qualifications for senators: 1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they seek to represent. The age and citizenship qualifications for senators are more stringent than those for representatives. In Federalist No. 62, James Madison justified this arrangement by arguing that the "senatorial trust" called for a "greater extent of information and stability of character."
Filibuster	An action such as a prolonged speech that obstructs progress in a legislative assembly while not technically contravening the required procedures
Cloture	Procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote
Veto	Constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body
Pocket Veto	Indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.

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