Pregunta | Respuesta |
pH Scale/Universal Indicator | - exact pH (0-14) - power of hydrogen acid-red neutral-green base-purple |
Oxidation | Loss of electrons |
Formel hydrochloric acid | HCl |
Test for carbon dioxide | bubble into limewater -> milky white |
Effects of acid rain | 1. speeds chemical weathering 2. soil acidic 3.lakes acidic 4.waxy coating on leaves |
Naming salts | 1st part: metal 2nd part: acid |
red litmus | acidic red neutral red alkaline blue |
blue litmus | acidic red neutral blue alkaline blue |
what is acid rain? | lower ph than normal(5.6) sulfure dioxide(power plants) nitrogen oxide(cars) -> in water: acids |
Half reaction at cathode | Cu2+ + 2e- -> Cu^0 |
chemical weathering | acids in rainwater attack the rock |
Formel carbonic acid | H2CO3 |
Formel sulphuric acid | H2SO4 |
Test for hydrogen | light wooden stick -> pop |
formel nitric acid | HN03 |
hydrochloric acid -> | chloride |
sulohuric acid -> | sulphate |
nitric acid -> | nitrate |
litmus in general | acidic red neutral purple alkaline blue |
strong acids/bases | strong electrolytes - completely dissociated weak electrolytes - incompletely dissociated |
Arrhenius theory | acids: pro. hydrogen ions H+ (aq) alkali: prod. hydroxide ions OH- (aq) |
Arrhenius Theory formal | H+(aq) + OH-(aq) -> H20(l) |
formel phosphoric acid | H3PO4 |
Difference bases/alkali | bases - no dissolving in water alkali - dissolve in water |
Reduction | Gain of electrons |
Reducing agent | donates electrons |
oxidising agent | takes electrons |
Aufbau daniell cell | galvanic vell 2 half calls connected by salt bridge voltmeter reading cell potential |
Half-reaction at anode | Zn^0 -Y Zn2+ + 2e- |
Acid dissociation formal | HX(aq) -> H+(aq) + X-(aq) |
Use of salt bridge | connects 2 half cells allows flow of ions - competing circuit -> maintains neutrality |
what happens in the daniell cell? | 1. anode - smaller 2. cathode - larger 3. colour cathode solution fades 4.voltmeter registers reading |
alkali dissociation formel | MOH(aq) -> M+(aq) + OH-(aq) |
Reducing acid rain | sulfur dixide: remove gases nitrogen oxide: catalytic converter in cars |
Test for oxygen | glowing wooden stick relights |
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