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Fichas por Niat Habtemariam, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Niat Habtemariam
hace casi 11 años
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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| What did John Locke contribute to the Enlightenment? | Said that people have natural rights to "life, liberty and property" (in Declaration of Independence). |
| What did Thomas Hobbes contribute to the Enlightenment? | He said that we need a king that can protect the people and make trusted decisions for them. |
| What did Voltaire contribute to the Enlightenment? | Stated that people should have freedoms of thought, speech, and religion (which inspired the 1st Amendment in the US Constitution) |
| What did Rousseau contribute to the Enlightenment? | Said that power corrupts people and that people should give up their power to be ruled by the "general will of authority." |
| What were the effects of the Scientific Revolution on the society of Europe? | People had a different way of thought and of viewing the world. People believed that the world could progress and be perfected. Moreover, science ideas brought the European governments to the ground. |
| What is meant by "Natural Rights"? | Natural Rights Rights that belong to people since birth; right to life, liberty, and property |
| What is "Liberty"? | Having freedom in society with little or no restrictions. |
| How did the Enlightenment lead to the American and French Revolution? | The enlightenment led to ideas that government was misusing and was taking away peoples' liberty and equality. |
| What did Montesquieu contribute to the Enlightenment? | Had the idea of dividing the government's power into three (separation of powers) branches. No branches would have more power over another branch (checks and balances). |
| How did Marry Wollstonecraft contribute to the Enlightenment? | Had the Idea that women should have the same rights as men, equal rights. |
| How did Jefferson contribute to the Enlightenment? | His "Declaration of Independence" inspired people to overthrow their government and democracy. |
| What does "Enlightened Despot" mean? | Absolute Rulers that embrace the new ideas and reforms created during the Enlightenment. |
| Give some examples of "Enlightened Despots." | Catherine the Great of Russia, Fredrick the II of Prussia, and Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II of Austria. |
| What did Fredrick the II of Prussia do during the Enlightenment? | He granted many religious freedoms, abolished torture, and improved the education and justice system. |
| What did Catherine the Great of Russia do during the Enlightenment? | Modernized and reformed Russsia according the writings of philosophies. |
| What did Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II of Austria do during the Enlightenment? | Tried to enforce freedom of religion |
| What was the Enlightenment? | A cultural and scientific movement that began in the late 17th - 18th century emphasizing reason and individualism, rather than tradition. |
| What is a social contract? | Agreement by which people give up a state of nature for an organized society. |
| What did Becarria contribute to the Enlightenment? | Had the idea of abolishing torture. Lead to torture becoming outlawed or reduced in Europe and North America. |
| What did Issac Newton's ideas contribute to? | The Scientific Revolution. |
| What is the Scientific Revolution? | Scientific discoveries and A new way of how people viewed the world. |
| What did the Scientific Revolution encourage people to do? | The Scientific Revolution encouraged people to question things around them. |
| What did Fredrick the II of Prussia call himself? | "The first servant of the state" |
| What is a salon? | A palace where social gatherings were held. Philosophers, artists, writers, scientists, and other great intellects went to discuss ideas. |
| Freedom/Liberty Analogy | Once people have a small taste of freedom, then they will want more. American Revolution = 1st taste ice cream!!! |
| Why is learning good? | The more we know, the more we learn, the greater ideas are created. |
| Why didn't people (at first) not want a democracy? | They considered Roman & Greek democracy a failure (because their government didn't last as long) |
| Who was Dennis Diderot and what did he do? | He collected collected Enlightenment articles in an Encyclopedia that helped to spread ideas throughout Europe and the Americas. His Encyclopedia had articles from famous authors. |
| How did new ideas create greater challenges to society? | While churches and monarchies tried to stop the flow of ideas, Enlightenment thinkers found new ways of spreading their ideas, such as through novels and salons. |
| How did churches and monasteries try to stop Enlightenment ideas from being spread? | Through censorship |
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