Module 5: ABO system

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1 Transfusion Medicine Fichas sobre Module 5: ABO system, creado por Angela Haché el 19/05/2016.
Angela Haché
Fichas por Angela Haché, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Angela Haché
Creado por Angela Haché hace más de 8 años
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When was ABO first discovered: In 1901 by Karl Landsteiner
What is Landsteiner's law: An individual will have regular, naturally occuring antibodies in his serum directed against the antigens lacking on his cell.
When can anti-A1 form: When an individual is A2
Why is the ABO system unique: They are associated with regular naturally occurring antibodies.
Naturally occuring antibodies are also called: Non red cell stimulated antibodies
There are two potential precursors on the red blood cell for ABH which vary: Only in the type of linkage which attached the last sugar molecule.
What are the genes of the H system: H and h (amorph)
What is the H antigen: Precursor molecule on which A and B antigens are built.
When is the H substance formed on red blood cells: When H glycosyl transferase adds a fucose molecule to the terminal galactose of type 2 precursor substance.
When is the H substance formed in the plasma: When H glycosyl transferase adds a fucose molecule to the terminal galactose of type 1 precursor substance
Order of diminishing quantity of the amount of H antigen on red cells: 1. O 2. A2 3. B 4. A2B 5. A1 6. A1B
What is the role of the Se gene: It makes it possible for precurosr substances to be converted to H substance in the secretory cells.
What percentage of the population are secretors: 78%
If a person is a secretor and is blood group O, what substances will be in the secretions: H
If a person is a secretor and is blood group A, what substances will be in the secretions: A, H
If a person is a secretor and is blood group B, what substances will be in the secretions: B, H
If a person is a secretor and is blood group AB, what substances will be in the secretions: A, B, H
What is the Bombay phenotype: The red cell lacks H, A and B antigens
What is the symbol for Bombay: Oh
Whant antibodies do Bombay individuals form Anti-A, anti-B and anti-H
What is the definitive test to confirm Bombay individuals: The absence of reactions when Bombay cells are tested with anti-H lectin of Ulex Europeus
What is important for patients who are AB positive: They must be tested against inert AB plasma
What is the difference between A1 and A2 subgroup: 1. there is more antigen sites on the A1 red blood cell 2. some A2 and A2B individuals do not recognize the A1 antigen and produce anti-A1
How do you differentiate between A1 and A2: 1. the reagent dolichos biflorus reacts only with A1 and A1B cells 2. prensence of anti-A1 in the patient's serum which is found to react with A1 cells in the reverse ABO grouping
The direct gene products in the ABO system are: Glycosyl transferases
True or false: Bombay phenotype has a non-red cell stimulated anti-H: True
True or false: Bombay phenotype inherits the h gene in the homozygous state: True
True or false: Bombay phenotype may have inherited an A or B gene, though A and B antigens are not produced True
True or false: Bombay phenotype can receive blood from a group O person False
True or false: Bombay phenotype can have A or B transferase enzymes True
What are the controls used for anti-A: 1. positive: A2 or AB 2. negative: B or O
What are the controls used for anti-B: 1. positive: B or AB 2. negative: A or O
What are the controls used for A1 cells: 1. positive: anti-A 2. negative: anti-B
What are the controls used for A2 cells: 1. positive: anti-B 2. negative: anti-A1
What is the frequency of A1 and A2: 1. A1: 80% 2. A2: 20%
What are the quality control of the A subgrouping reagents: 1. positif: Anti-A1 must agglutinate known A red blood cells 2. negatif: anti-A1 must not agglutinate cells which lack A1 antigen (A2 red blood cells is most appropriate)
True or false: Antibodies in the ABO system may be non RBC stimulated True
True or false: Antibodies in the ABO system may be RBC stimulated True
True or false: Antibodies in the ABO system may cause transfusion reactions True
True or false: Antibodies in the ABO system may cause HDN True
True or false: The reverse grouping in ABO grouping should always agree with the forward grouping True
True or false: The reverse grouping in ABO grouping tests for the antigens present on the RBC False
True or false: The reverse grouping in ABO grouping demonstrates the reciprocal relationship between antigen and antibodies in the system True
True or false: The reverse grouping in ABO grouping must include the use of anti-A,B False
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