BIOS / POST and Boot Managers

Pregunta	Respuesta
What does BIOS stand for	Basic Input Output System
What does a Bios contain on a PC	All the code required to control keyboard, display screen, dis drives, serial communications and other limited functions
Where is the bios located?	Typically on a ROM chip or flash memory
Why is the Bios not located on a hard disk	To ensure that BIOS is always available in the event of a disk failure
What is shadowing ?	Shadowing occurs when the BIOS is copied from the ROM to the RAM each time the computer is booted. This is because RAM is faster than ROM
What is POST?	POST refers to Power On Self Test Its a set of instructions on the BIOS to test your hardware ***Runs until a bootable partition is found and then the partition takes over
When does POST end and what occurs after it?	Power on Self Test ends when Bios detects a valid system disk, reads the master boot record (MBR) and starts Bootmgr.exe
Where is the BIOS settings stored?	Bios settings are stored on a volitile RAM chip called the CMOS which stands for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
When should the BIOS settings be changed?	1) Re-installing OS 2) Adding a new hard drive 3) Enabling support for Virtualization (VMWare) 3) Changing a motherboard component like CPU
What are the 3 biggest issues with BIOS settings?	1) Non Standardization 2) Bios settings dependent on motherboard chipset and integrated components 3) unique settings to BIOS manufacturer 4) Methods to access BIOS are not standardized
How can you tell your Bios battery is dead?	The date/time settings do not save!
What is the name of a BIOS that is given to it during its manufacture?	Revision level 0.1
What does UEFI stand for?	UEFI stands for Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
What are the two type of EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) services provided?	EFI contains two services: 1) Boot services * available while firmware is in control and not the OS. Includes text and graphical console 2) Runtime services such as date/time and NVRAM access
What are the main Advantages to using UEFI?	1) Ability to boot from disks over 2TB with GUID Partition table \| GPTCPU-independent architecture 2) Have CPU- independant drivers 3) Flexible pre-OS environment which has network capability 4) Modular design with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) 5) 64-bit UEFI which can access all RAM vs 1 MB 6) Supports backwards compatabilty with previous and older BIOS settings
What is the use of a Boot Manager?	Boot manager is used to boot more than one operating system on a single computer (Virtualization is a much better choice than this though!) Also allows to create and configure a boot menu Allows default options like a default boot unless a key is pressed
What does MBR stand for?	It stands for Master Boot Record
When does the POST process end?	POST ends when BIOS detects a valid system disk and reads the master boot record (MBR) and starts Bootmgr.exe
What occurs after the BIOS reads the master boot record and starts Bootmgr.exe?	1) Bootmgr.exe starts WinLoad.exe on Windows boot partition ==> OSLoader phase begins 2)Winload.exe loads essential systems drivers (used to read min data from disk) ==> Windows kernel begins execution 3) Windows Kernel begins execution --> Loads system registry hive and additional drivers (marked as BOOT_START ) into memory
What is the comparison between Master Boot Record (MBR) and Globally unique identifier (GUID)	Image: 2ba00592-94e2-48aa-a034-2a904b31f52f.PNG (image/PNG)

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	Creado por Shahmeran Gilani hace más de 8 años