Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Pregunta	Respuesta
Fundamental Paradigm	When an idea of the world changes fundamentally from A to B
The mind and the brain is	an information processing machine
The brain and the sensory systems are	The origins of all mental events
Sensory channels are thought of as	Data filters
Psychology is	the study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour
Perception is	a conscious sensory experience of high-level processing, usually related to activity in the cortex
Sensation is	an automatic and unaware collection of low-level information
Sensation and perception are	difficult to separate
Both the sensory system and perception	are essential for an autonomous agent to survive
Senses allow us to	Collect and interpret sensory information in order to perceive the world and build a representation, and perform daily actions based on this perception
Performing actions based on perception	is done effortlessly on a day to day basis which is why perception is so important
E.g. eating an apple	presence of the apple is recognised by the senses. We then recognise the concept which triggers a behavioural response of grasping and eating, or avoiding if it's rotten. Evolution arguably shaped these systems to make them efficient or reliable
Perception can be described as	the window between the physical world and the mental state
We are surrounded by	the outside world but what we really experience is inside our mental state
Our senses act as	a channel to collect information
Information processing	converts the world into internal events
sensation and perception are the	starting points for higher cognitive processes in a network of information processing
Higher cognitive processes are	attention, memory and thinking which leads to behaviour / action
Attention helps us to	select important sensory information which is then passed to the memory. We then think about it which leads to the control or action of behaviour
Attention does influence	what we perceive. Therefore our perceptions are biased by what we know.
Psychologists are divided over	how much perception relies on the information present in the stimulus
Bottom-up processing	Stimulus information arrives from sensory receptors (the bottom of information processing)
Top-down processing	Stimulus information arrives from contextual information. This helps to organise the perceived stimulus using memory and knowledge
Example of top-down processing	Reading difficult handwriting is easier in a sentence than isolated words. This is because the meaning of surrounding words provide context to aid understanding

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Introduction to Sensation and Perception

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