Early ideas about the composition of matter

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Chemistry AS 1.1
Fern Bennington
Fichas por Fern Bennington, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Fern Bennington
Creado por Fern Bennington hace casi 8 años
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Democritus 460-370BCE proposed that matter was made up of particles that cannot be divided futher
Aristotle 384-322BCE proposed elements ware made up of earth, air, wind and fire
Robert Boyle 1627-1691 believed that matter was made up of tint particles that cannot be subdivided- these are made from compounds. solids have fixed particles but liquid and gas have free moving particles.
John Dalton 1766-1844 named particles 'atoms'. believed every atom had its own atomic weight and can react together to from molecules. particles that are identical have the same mass and chemical properties.
Eugen Goldstein 1850-1930 discovered that cathode rays contains negatively charged particles with mass, cathode rays could be split and heavier positive particles
Joseph John Thompson 1856-1937 discovered that atoms have electrons, that they have a very small mass and that they are negatively charged. (plumb pudding model)
Ernest Rutherford 1871-1937 thought that the mass of an atom is not evenly spread and that there is a nucleus and that the nucleus is positively charged and that the electrons circulate the rest of the atom. decided atomic number corresponds to the elements position in the periodic table.
Henry Moseley 1888-1915 along with Ernest Rutherford, decided atomic number corresponds to the elements position in the periodic table. only discovered that half the mass of an atom is made from the proton.
James Chadwick 1891-1974 identified a neutron and that they have no charge but have the same mass as a proton.
Niels Bohr 1885-1962 discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus in energy levels. energy levels have fixed energy values and electrons can only occupy these set values.
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