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Creado por Caitlin MacLean
hace más de 7 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
Activation Energy | The minimum energy required by reactants to allow reaction to occur |
Active Site | The region of an enzyme molecule where the enzyme acts on the substrate |
Aestivation | Dormancy in response to high temperature or drought |
Anabolic Reaction | A reaction which requires energy and builds up molecules from smaller ones |
Archaea | A group of single-celled microorganisms |
ATP Synthase | An enzyme which produces ATP |
Biological Catalysts | Enzymes; made of protein and found in living cells |
Calorimeter | Equipment used to measure heat generation from an organism to allow metabolic rate to be calculated |
Catabolic Reaction | A reaction which releases energy and breaks down molecules into simpler ones |
Citric Acid Cycle | The second stage of respiration; where acetyl co-enzyme A and oxaloacetate join to form citrate and a series of reactions which return citrate to oxaloacetate |
Competitive Inhibition | Where an enzyme with a similar structure to the substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme and blocks the binding of the substrate (REVERSIBLE BY INCREASING SUBSTRATE CONC.) |
Daily Torpor | A period of reduced activity in organism s with high metabolic rates |
Dehydrogenase | An enzyme which removes hydrogen ions from substrates |
Dormancy | A condition of biological rest or inactivity characterised by the suspension of many metabolic processes |
Effector | Cells, muscles or glands which perform responses to stimuli |
Electron Transport Chain | The final step of respiration; where high energy electrons and hydrogen ions are used to synthesise ATP |
Extremophile | An organism which is able to live/survive in extreme conditions (e.g. high temperature) |
FAD | A co-enzyme which easily attaches to hydrogen ions, but releases them when they are required |
Feedback Inhibition | Regulation of enzyme activity where the first enzyme of a metabolic pathway is inhibited by the reversible binding of the final product of the pathway (where the product inhibits its own production) |
Fermentation | A type of respiration which takes place in the absence of oxygen |
Glycolysis | The first stage of respiration where glucose is broken down into pyruvate |
Heterotrophic | A type of organism that gains energy by consuming other organisms |
Hibernation | An inactive state resembling deep sleep in which certain animals living in cold climates pass the winter |
Hypothalamus | Part of the brain which monitors and regulates temperature |
Induced Fit | Where the active site moulds around the substrate, allowing it to fit perfectly |
Ligase | An enzyme which joins fragments of DNA together |
Metabolites | The intermediates and products of a metabolic reaction that take place in organisms |
Migration | A process which avoids metabolic adversity by expending energy to relocate to a more suitabl environment |
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