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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| Process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms | Evolution |
| Different, yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe | Species vary globally |
| Different, yet related, animal species often occupied different habitats within a local area | Species vary locally |
| Darwin noticed that some fossils of extinct animals were similar to living species | Species Vary over time |
| Who said that past geological events can be explained by the processes that occur today? | Charles Lyell |
| Who said that unless that the human population stopped growing, we would run out of food to feed everyone? | Thomas Malthus |
| According to Lamarck, how did evolution occur? | Organisms passed on characteristics that the had ACQUIRED during their lifetime to their offspring. |
| nature provides the variations, and humans select the traits they find useful | Artificial selection |
| What three requirements are necessary in order for natural selection to occur? | More than enough offspring are produced, some organisms are better suited for their environment than other (fitness), Organisms have heritable adaptations that can be passed on |
| Organisms' traits seem to go along with their what? | Environment |
| Any heritable characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment | Adaptation |
| The better suited an organism is to it environment... | The more likely it is to survive and reproduce |
| A structure that had a function in ancestral species, but no longer serves that function. | Vestigial structure |
| The study of where organisms live now and where their ancestors lived in the past. | Biogeography |
| Descendants of the earliest organisms spread into different habitats | Descent with modification |
| Structures that are shared by related species and that have been inherited from a common ancestor | Homologous structures |
| Proteins like cytochrome c that can be found in many different organisms | Homologous proteins |
| Process of using radioactive decay to give an absolute age of a rock. | Radioactive dating |
| Body parts that share a common function, but not structure, and different ancestry | Analogous structures |
| Life's genetic code is considered to be what? | Universal |
| If two embryos of different species share similarities, what does this mean? | They must share a common ancestor |
| What trait of finches did the Grants look at when testing natural selection? | Finch beaks |
| Four steps of Natural selection | Struggle for existence Variation and adaptation Survival of the Fittest Natural Selection (Study the diagram on page 462) |
| Name of Larmarck's theory of evolution | Principle of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics |
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