Psychology Glossary

Pregunta	Respuesta
Aim	What you are trying to find out, the purpose of the study
Causal relationship	When one thing causes another
Confidentiality	Participants' data should be kept anonymous unless they have given consent to make it public
Informed consent	Researchers need to obtain the participant's full consent to take part in the study
Control condition	This is a condition that doesn't involve changing the IV
Correlation coefficient	A number between -1 and +1 that states how strong a correlation is
Demand characteristics	Features that inform participants of the aim of the study and could influence their behaviour and therefore the results
Descriptive statistic	A statistic that summarises a set of data eg) mean, median, mode
Ecological validity	How well a study reflects everyday real life situations
Ethics	Set of guidelines that psychologists should follow
Event sampling	When a researcher records an event every time it happens
Alternative hypothesis	Predicts that one variable will affect another
Extraneous Variable	Another variable that could potentially influence the DV
Hypothesis	A testable statement or a prediction
Independent measures design	An experimental design which uses different participants in each condition
Inter-rater reliability	Involves comparing the observations of two or more observers and seeing to what extent they agree
Matched pairs design	An experimental design that uses different but similar participants in each condition
Mundane realism	Used in lab experiments to give the impression that the task is real to increase validity and see how people would truly react in that situation
Observer bias	When the observer is influenced by their expectations
Order effects	Constant errors that arise as a result of the order in which conditions are experienced by the participants in a repeated measures design experiement

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