CRACKING

Nota:

• Saturated - all single bonds

Nota:

• Vapourise - change a liquid to a gas by heating

1. Vapours pass over a hot catalyst

   Nota:

   • Catalyst - a chemical which makes a reaction go faster

1. Ethene is an alkene
   1. Used to make
      1. Ethanol
         1. Fermentation is another way to make ethanol
            1. Sugar--> Carbon dioxide + Ethanol
               1. Sugar is RENEWABLE
               2. Yeast is needed for this reaction
         2. Ethene + Steam --> Ethanol
            1. HYDRATION
      2. Polymers e.g. poly(ethene)
         1. New packaging materials
         2. Waterproof coating for fabrics
         3. Polymerisation
            1. Small to large
         4. Monomers change to polymers
         5. Dental polymers
         6. Shape memory polymers
         7. Not biodegradable
            1. Causes problems at landfill sites
2. Unsaturated molecules
   1. Carbon to carbon double bond
   2. C=C
   3. Use bromine water as a test
      1. Orange to colourless would be seen
3. CnH2n