Age of Exploration

Descripción

Discuss the motivations behind the explorations of Portugal, Spain, and Britain. Trace the New World explorations of the Spanish and Dutch.
Erin Harrison
Mapa Mental por Erin Harrison, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Erin Harrison
Creado por Erin Harrison hace alrededor de 7 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Age of Exploration
  1. Portugal's Motivation
    1. find a sea route to Asia that bypasses the Arabs in the Middle East
      1. found a route around Africa to Asia, with established harbors along the African coast
        1. Arabs were tolling the traders - the Middle East was a crossroads
      2. Spain's Motivation
        1. to have something to do and invest in; to find a Western sea route to Asia
          1. Spain had just finished ending Muslim occupation in 1492
            1. Portugal had taken the South/East sea route
              1. commissions Christopher Columbus in 1492
                1. mistakenly found N. and S. America
                  1. stayed in S. America for gold, silver, and native labor
          2. England's Motivation
            1. desire for a "northwest passage" to the Pacific Ocean through N. America
              1. N. American was untouched by Spain because it had less gold and silver
                1. found land fit for colonies instead
              2. Spain's Exploration
                1. found gold, silver, and slave labor in S. America
                  1. Spain was not interested in colonies, only in making a profit
                    1. stayed on the Caribbean Islands until the gold ran out, then used as a base of exploration
                      1. Vasco de Gama, 1513 - overland to Pacific
                        1. Ponce de Leon, 1513 - explored Florida
                          1. Ferdinand Magellan, 1519-1522 - circumnavigation
                            1. Hernando Cortes, 1519-1521 - conquered Aztecs
                              1. Francisco Pizarro, 1531 - began conquering Incas
                            2. nearly 175,000 Spaniards came to the New World and found success
                              1. this attracted threats
                                1. The Dutch, English, and French attacked Spanish silver ships; rebellions in colonies
                                  1. Spain forced to spend more and more money on defense
                                    1. had no more profits by 1640, came out of AoE as a second-rate country
                            3. Dutch Exploration
                              1. originally trading with Spain
                                1. Dutch were Protestant, Spanish were Catholic - Spain cut off ports when the Dutch refused to convert
                                  1. Dutch go to New World to undercut Spanish
                                    1. found New Netherland on Hudson River
                                      1. found New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island
                                      2. Dutch government was not interested, too busy fighting Spain
                                        1. opened N. America for English and Canada for French
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