Nadia burns her hand

Innate Immunity
1. First line of defense
  1. Chemical & biochemical inhibitors
  2. Anatomic barriers
    1. Skin
      1. Layers
        Hypodermis
        Dermis
        Epidermis
      2. Contents
        Sensory nerves
        Hair follicles
        Blood vessels
        Sweat & sebaceous glands
      3. Functions
        Protection
        Regulates body temperature
        Fat, glucose, water, & salt storage
    2. Mucous coat
    3. Coughing & sneezing reflex
    4. Blinking reflex & tears
  3. Normal bacterial flora
    1. Microbiota
      1. Roles
        Digestion of food
        Vitamin synthesis
        Prevent colonization of pathogenic bacteria
      2. Location
        Stomach, intestine, skin
      3. Opportunistic
2. Second line of defense
  1. Soluble factors
  2. Cells
    1. Natural killer cells
    2. Phagocytes
  3. Inflammatory barrier
Necrosis
1. Always pathological
2. Requires medical treatment
3. Irreversible cell injury followed by cell death
4. Types
  1. Fibrinoid
  2. Coagulative
  3. Liquefactive
  4. Caseous
  5. Fat
  6. Gangrenous
Acute Inflammation
1. Phases
  1. Vascular
  2. Cellular
2. Causes
  1. INFECTIONS
    1. Local
    2. Systemic
  2. Trauma
  3. Immune reactions
  4. Tissue necrosis
  5. Foreign bodies
3. Cardinal signs
  1. Redness
  2. Swelling
  3. Hotness
  4. Pain
  5. Loss of function
  6. Systemic effects
    1. Fever
    2. Malaise
    3. Loss of appetite
    4. Leukocytosis
Antibiotics
1. Sensitivity
2. Resistance
  1. Changing the target
  2. Destroying the antibiotic by ENZYMES
  3. Efflux pump
  4. Acquiring it from another bacteria
    1. Transduction
    2. Conjugation
    3. Transformation
3. Types
  1. Bacteriostatic
  2. Bactericidal
4. Mechanism of action
  1. Alteration of cell membranes
  2. Antimetabolites activity
  3. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
  4. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
  5. Inhibition of protein synthesis
Wound Swab
1. Culturing bacteria
Burns
1. Types
  1. Friction
  2. Radiation
  3. Heat/Thermal
  4. Chemical
  5. Electrical
2. Degree
  1. 1st: Epidermis only
  2. 2nd: Partial thickness burn; epidermis, dermis, & hypodermis
  3. 3rd: Full thickness burn; all layers + nerve endings are damaged
  4. 4th: Beyond skin
  5. Management
    1. Wound closure
    2. Rehabilitation & Reconstruction
    3. Estimate surface area
  6. Psychological Aspects
    1. Causes of distress
      1. Worries about the future
      2. Physical discomfort
      3. Thinking & reliving the event
      4. Concerns about public reaction

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Nadia burns her hand

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	Creado por whynotright 18 hace más de 7 años