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Unit 1 - Matter - Concept Map
N*** C***** - Block 4
- Atoms and Molecules
- Molecules are a bonded
collection of two or more
atoms of the same element
or different elements.
- Atoms are the smallest
unit of an element that
maintains the properties
of that element.
- Molecules are a bonded
collection of two or more
atoms of the same element
or different elements.
- Mass and Matter
- Mass is a measure of the
quantity (amount) of
matter in an object.
- Matter is anything that has
mass and occupies space.
Matter has four states.
- State 1: Solid - Has a
definite (fixed)
shape and volume
(cannot flow).
- State 2: Liquid -
Definite volume but
takes the shape of its
container (flows).
- State 3: Gas - Has
neither fixed
shape nor fixed
volume (flows).
- State 4: Plasma - High
temperature, ionized
phase of matter as found
on the sun and other stars.
- State 1: Solid - Has a
definite (fixed)
shape and volume
(cannot flow).
- Mass is a measure of the
quantity (amount) of
matter in an object.
- Physical And Chemical
Properties and Changes:
- A Physical Property is a
characteristic of a substance that
can change without the substance
becoming a different substance.
- A Chemical Property is The
ability of a sub-stance to change
to a different substance.
- A Physical Change is a change
in the form of a substance, but
not in its chemical nature;
chemical bonds are not broken.
- A Chemical Change is a
change of substances
through a reorganization
of the atoms to
fundamentally different
substances; a chemical
reaction..
- A Physical Property is a
characteristic of a substance that
can change without the substance
becoming a different substance.
- Pure Substances
- A substance with
constant
composition.
- Element
- A pure substance made of
only one kind of atom.
- A pure substance made of
only one kind of atom.
- Compound
- A substance with constant composition that
can be broken down into elements by
chemical processes. A compound always
contains atoms of different elements.
- A substance with constant composition that
can be broken down into elements by
chemical processes. A compound always
contains atoms of different elements.
- A substance with
constant
composition.
- Mixtures
- A material of variable composition that contains two or more
substances. While the composition of a mixture may vary, the
composition of its compounds will always stay the same.
- Types of Mixtures
- Homogeneous Mixtures are
mixtures that are the same
throughout; a solution.
- Heterogeneous Mixtures are
mixtures that have different
properties in different regions of the
mixture.
- Alloys are substances that
contains a mixture of elements
and has metallic properties.
- Homogeneous Mixtures are
mixtures that are the same
throughout; a solution.
- Separation of Mixtures
- Distillation is a method for separating the
components of a liquid mixture that depends on
the differences in the boiling points (ease of
vaporization) of the components. This is usually
done when the mixture is a solution
(homogeneous).
- Filtration is a method for
separating the components of a
mixture containing a solid (not
dissolved/heterogeneous) and a
liquid.
- Distillation is a method for separating the
components of a liquid mixture that depends on
the differences in the boiling points (ease of
vaporization) of the components. This is usually
done when the mixture is a solution
(homogeneous).
- A material of variable composition that contains two or more
substances. While the composition of a mixture may vary, the
composition of its compounds will always stay the same.
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