The halogens

Descripción

A level (Reactions and elements) Chemistry Mapa Mental sobre The halogens, creado por mbaker25 el 03/06/2013.
mbaker25
Mapa Mental por mbaker25, actualizado hace más de 1 año
mbaker25
Creado por mbaker25 hace más de 11 años
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Resumen del Recurso

The halogens
  1. Boiling point increases down the group
    1. Increasing strength of the van der waals forces
      1. Size of atom increases
      2. Electronegativity decrease down the group
        1. Size of the atom increases
          1. Electrostatic attraction between the valance electron and the nucleus decreses
        2. A halogen will displace a halide from a solution if the halide is below it in the periodic table
          1. Chlorine and sodium hydroxide make bleach
            1. 2NaOH + Cl2 ---> NaClO + NaCl + H2O
              1. Disproportionation
                1. Chlorine is oxidised and reduced at the same time
              2. Water treatment
              3. Chlorine and water
                1. Cl2 + H2O <==> HCl + HClO
                  1. water and chloric (I) acid (HClO)
                    1. HClO + H2O <==> ClO- + H3O+
                      1. Hypochlorous ions
                        1. Chlorate (I) ions kill bacteria
                        2. Hypochlorous acid
                        3. Treatment of water
                          1. Kills disease-causing microoraganisms
                            1. Prevents reinfection
                              1. Prevents growth of algae
                                1. Eliminating bad tastes and smell
                              2. Chlorine is harmful
                                1. Gas-irritates respiratory systems
                                  1. Liquid- causes severe chemical burns
                                    1. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are carcinogenic
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