Copiar y Editar

Chemical tests

Descripción

A mindmap consisting of inorganic chemical tests including the flame test, Halogen and halide tests and S-block complex ion colours. Organic tests are also included for all functional groups
Seren Jones
Mapa Mental por Seren Jones, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Seren Jones
Creado por Seren Jones hace más de 6 años
175
2
0

Resumen del Recurso

Chemical tests
  1. Inorganic
    1. Flame test
      1. Na+
        1. Yellow flame
        2. Li+
          1. Crimson red flame
          2. Ca2+
            1. Brick red flame
            2. K+
              1. Lilac flame
              2. Cu2+
                1. Green/Blue flame
                2. Ba2+
                  1. Pale green
                  2. Mg2+
                    1. No colour
                  3. Transition metals
                    1. Complex ion colours
                      1. Cobalt (Co2+)
                        1. [Co(H20)6]2+
                          1. Pale pink
                          2. Conc HCl
                            1. [CoCl4] 2-
                              1. Blue solution
                            2. OH-
                              1. [Co(OH)2(H20)4]
                                1. Blue ppt soluble in excess NaOH
                            3. Copper (Cu2+)
                              1. [Cu(H20)6] 2+
                                1. Blue solution
                                2. Excess NH3
                                  1. [Cu(NH3)4 (H20)2] 2+
                                    1. Royal blue solution
                                  2. Excess Cl-
                                    1. [CuCl4] 2-
                                      1. Yellow solution
                                    2. OH-
                                      1. [Cu(OH)2 (H20)4]
                                        1. Pale blue ppt insoluble in excess OH
                                    3. Iron (II)
                                      1. [Fe(H20)6] 2+
                                        1. Pale green solution
                                        2. OH-
                                          1. [Fe(OH)2(H20)4]
                                            1. Dirty green ppt
                                            2. Excess
                                              1. Re-dissolves to Fe(OH)2+ which is unstable and oxidises in air to a rusty brown ppt of Fe(OH)3
                                          2. Iron (III)
                                            1. [Fe(H20)6] 3+
                                              1. Yellow-green solution
                                            2. Chromium (Cr3+)
                                              1. [Cr(H20)6] 3+
                                                1. Violet solution
                                                2. OH-
                                                  1. (Cr(OH)3(H20)3]
                                                    1. Green ppt soluble in excess
                                                  2. CrO4 2-
                                                    1. yellow chromate ion
                                                    2. Cr2O7-
                                                      1. Orange dichromate ion
                                                  3. MnO4-
                                                    1. Purple ion
                                                  4. P block
                                                    1. Group 7- Halogens
                                                      1. Fluorine (F-)
                                                        1. Room temp
                                                          1. yellow gas
                                                        2. Chlorine (Cl-)
                                                          1. Room temp
                                                            1. Green gas
                                                            2. Nitric acid + silver nitrate
                                                              1. White ppt
                                                                1. Soluble in dilute + conc NH3
                                                              2. Conc H2SO4
                                                                1. Misty fumes
                                                                  1. HCl
                                                              3. Iodine (I-)
                                                                1. Room temp
                                                                  1. Grey solid
                                                                  2. Nitric acid + silver nitrate
                                                                    1. Yellow ppt
                                                                      1. Insoluble in dilute NH3
                                                                    2. Conc H2SO4
                                                                      1. Misty fumes
                                                                        1. HI
                                                                        2. Purple vapour
                                                                          1. I2
                                                                          2. colourless gas
                                                                            1. SO2
                                                                            2. Yellow solid
                                                                              1. S
                                                                              2. bad egg smell
                                                                                1. H2S
                                                                            3. Bromine (Br-)
                                                                              1. Room temp
                                                                                1. Red-Brown liquid
                                                                                2. Nitric acid + Silver nitrate
                                                                                  1. Cream ppt
                                                                                    1. Insoluble in dilute NH3, soluble in conc
                                                                                  2. conc H2SO4
                                                                                    1. Misty fumes
                                                                                      1. HBr
                                                                                      2. Brown vapour
                                                                                        1. Br2
                                                                                        2. colourless gas
                                                                                          1. SO2
                                                                                  3. Cations
                                                                                    1. NaOH
                                                                                      1. Mg 2+, Zn 2+, Al 3+, Pb 3+
                                                                                        1. White ppt
                                                                                          1. AL 3+ dissolves in excess NaOH
                                                                                            1. Zn 2+ dissolves in excess NH3
                                                                                              1. Potassium Iodide produces a yellow ppt with Pb 3+
                                                                                        2. Anions
                                                                                          1. Barium chloride/barium nitrate
                                                                                            1. White ppt with carboinates, sulfites and sulfates
                                                                                              1. dilute HCl
                                                                                                1. Effervescence with carbonates
                                                                                                  1. sulfur dioxide formed from sulfites
                                                                                                    1. no reaction with sulfate
                                                                                            2. Organic
                                                                                              1. Phenol
                                                                                                1. Add Br2
                                                                                                  1. 2,4,6 tribromophenol
                                                                                                    1. Antiseptic smell
                                                                                                      1. White ppt
                                                                                                      2. Add FeCl3
                                                                                                        1. Violet solution
                                                                                                      3. Aldehyde
                                                                                                        1. Tollen's reagent
                                                                                                          1. Silver mirror
                                                                                                          2. Fehling's
                                                                                                            1. Orange/red ppt of Cu+
                                                                                                          3. Alcohol
                                                                                                            1. Acidified potassium dichromate
                                                                                                              1. Tertiary alcohol
                                                                                                                1. no visible change, as tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidised
                                                                                                                2. Primary and secondary
                                                                                                                  1. Orange to green colour change
                                                                                                                    1. primary oxidised to aldehyde then carboxylic acid
                                                                                                                      1. Secondary oxidised to ketone
                                                                                                                    2. Lucas test
                                                                                                                      1. Zinc chloride + conc HCl
                                                                                                                        1. Primary alcohol
                                                                                                                          1. No reaction at room temp
                                                                                                                          2. Secondary alcohol
                                                                                                                            1. Layers formed after 5 minutes
                                                                                                                            2. Tertiary alcohol
                                                                                                                              1. Layers form immediately
                                                                                                                          3. Iodoform
                                                                                                                            1. NaNO2 + I2
                                                                                                                              1. Potitive test
                                                                                                                                1. Ethanol
                                                                                                                                  1. Secondary alcohol with a CH3 attatched with C with OH
                                                                                                                              2. Carbonyls
                                                                                                                                1. 2,4 DNPH
                                                                                                                                  1. Orange ppt formed
                                                                                                                                    1. Can be purified and removed by suction filtration.
                                                                                                                                      1. melting point test and compare with known literature values
                                                                                                                                        1. Can identify aldehyde or ketone
                                                                                                                                2. Halogenoalkanes
                                                                                                                                  1. Hydrolysis with NaOH
                                                                                                                                    1. Nitric acid to remove unwanted ions
                                                                                                                                      1. Silver nitrate
                                                                                                                                        1. Cl-
                                                                                                                                          1. Br-
                                                                                                                                            1. I-
                                                                                                                                      2. Alkene
                                                                                                                                        1. Bromine water
                                                                                                                                          1. Brown to colourless
                                                                                                                                        2. Carboxylic acids
                                                                                                                                          1. Na2CO3 or NaHCO3
                                                                                                                                            1. Effervescence
                                                                                                                                              1. Turns limewater cloudy
                                                                                                                                            2. Ketones
                                                                                                                                              1. Iodoform
                                                                                                                                                1. NaOH + I2
                                                                                                                                                  1. Positive test for methyl ketones
                                                                                                                                                    1. Yellow ppt
                                                                                                                                                      1. Antiseptic smell
                                                                                                                                                  2. Esters
                                                                                                                                                    1. No chemical test but sweet smelling
                                                                                                                                                    2. Acyl chlorides
                                                                                                                                                      1. Add water
                                                                                                                                                        1. Misty fumes of HCl
                                                                                                                                                      2. Amines and amides
                                                                                                                                                        1. Add NaOH and warm
                                                                                                                                                          1. Fishy odour + turns damp red litmus blue
                                                                                                                                                            1. Ammonia released
                                                                                                                                                          2. Primary amine
                                                                                                                                                            1. Add HNO2
                                                                                                                                                              1. N2 gas released and effervescence is observed
                                                                                                                                                        Mostrar resumen completo Ocultar resumen completo

                                                                                                                                                        ¿Quieres crear tus propios Mapas Mentales gratis con GoConqr? Más información.

                                                                                                                                                        Similar

                                                                                                                                                        Alcohols
                                                                                                                                                        Bee Brittain
                                                                                                                                                        Limestone
                                                                                                                                                        Chloe Collyer
                                                                                                                                                        A Level Chemistry Unit 1 - Organic Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                        charlottehyde
                                                                                                                                                        Organic Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                        Ella Wolf
                                                                                                                                                        A2 Organic Chemistry - Reactions
                                                                                                                                                        yannycollins
                                                                                                                                                        C2: Material Choices Test
                                                                                                                                                        James McConnell
                                                                                                                                                        Acids and Bases
                                                                                                                                                        Sarah Egan
                                                                                                                                                        Using GoConqr to study science
                                                                                                                                                        Sarah Egan
                                                                                                                                                        Ionic Bondic Flashcards.
                                                                                                                                                        anjumn10
                                                                                                                                                        Electrolysis
                                                                                                                                                        lisawinkler10
                                                                                                                                                        Acids and Bases
                                                                                                                                                        silviaod119
                                                                                                                                                        Explorar la Librería