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1511109
AQA Chemistry [C2] Part 1
Descripción
GCSE Chemistry Mapa Mental sobre AQA Chemistry [C2] Part 1, creado por ryancharman98 el 22/10/2014.
Sin etiquetas
chemistry
gcse
Mapa Mental por
ryancharman98
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
ryancharman98
hace más de 9 años
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Resumen del Recurso
AQA Chemistry [C2] Part 1
Bonding
Ionic
Metals and non-metals
Metals
Lose electrons
Positive ions
Non-metals
Gain electrons
Negative ions
Compounds held by strong forces
Giant stucture or lattice
Strong electrostatic forces
Each ion surrounded by ions of the negative charge
Held firmly in place
Covalent
Non-metals
Two atoms share electrons
Group 7
Gain one electron
Form single bond
Metallic
Electrons in highest energy shell delocalise
Move freely between each other
A lattice of + ions in a sea of moving electrons
Delocalised electrons attract
How much?
Reversible reactions
Products react to make original reactants
Analysing substances
Identify food additives
Paper chromatography
Detect artificial colours
Solvent is allowed to move through the paper
Compounds separated using gas chromatography
Identified using a mass spectrometer
Find relative molecular mass
From its molecular ion peak
Structure and Properties
Giant ionic structures
Strong electrostatic forces
Solid at room temperature
High melting and boiling point
Conduct
Molten
Ions free to move
Water
Water molecules split lattice
Simple molecules
Low melting and boiling point
Intermolecular forces are weak
Do not conduct
No overall charge
Giant covalent structures
Very high melting points
Diamond
Form of carbon
Carbon atom bonded with four other carbon atoms
Makes diamond hard
Transparent
Graphite
Carbon atom bonded with three other carbon atoms
No covalent bonds
Slide over each other
Weak intermolecular bonds
Graphite = slippery and grey
One electron is delocalised
Allow graphite to conduct heat and electricity
Giant metallic structures
Alloys
Mixtures of metals
Different sized atoms
Distort the layers
More difficult to slide
Harder than pure metals
Shape memory alloys
Bent/ deformed into different shape
Conduct heat and electricity
Delocalised electrons
Polymers
Depends on the monomers
Thermosetting polymers
Do not soften or melt
Thermosoftening polymers
Forces are weak
When heated, polymer becomes soft
Weak intermolecular forces are broken
Nanoscience
Study of small particles
Very large surface area
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