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Particle Physics - A2 - OCR
Descripción
Mapa Mental sobre Particle Physics - A2 - OCR, creado por jakemmilton el 14/11/2014.
Mapa Mental por
jakemmilton
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Resumen del Recurso
Particle Physics - A2 - OCR
Hadrons
Baryons
Nucleons - protons and neutrons
All baryons decay to protons
Baryon number
the number of baryons in a reaction never changes
The proton and neutron each have a baryon number of 1
Mesons
They are unstabe
Baryon number
All mesons have a baryon number of 0 as they aren't baryons
Pions and Kaons
Pions are the lightest mesons
There are 3 types with different charges - π0, π+, and π−
Kaons are heavier and more unstable
There are also 3 types with different charges - K+, K0, K−
Hadrons are particles that are held together by strong nuclear force
Letptons
Leptons do not feel the strong nuclear force.
There are 3 types of Lepton - electron, muon and tau which all have a leton number of 1
the electron, muon and tau all have a charge of -1
Neutrinos - these have almost zero mass and zero electric charge
each types of lepton has a neutrino form as well, with a charge of 0
they have the same lepton number as the non neutrino form though
Anti particles
Every particle has an anti particle, that will have opposite charge, but the same lepton or baryon number
Mesons are their own antipartices
Energy can be converted into matter as E=mc2
However, when energy is converted into matter, you will produce equal amounts of anti matter and matter
Particle-Antiparticle Pair is produced from a single photon, if there is enough energy
Pair Annihilation happens when a particle meets an antiparticle, all the mass is converted to energy
For instance an electron and positron will combine to form a gamma ray
Quarks
Quarks are the fundamental particles, that make hadrons
There are many types - up, down and strange (the ones to know) and a few others called top,bottom and charm
Baryons are made from 3 quarks
Protons-uud
Neutron-udd
antiprotons and antineutrons are made up of the equivalent antiquarks
Antiparticles are made up of antiquarks
Note: antiquarks have the opposite charge and baryon number!
Quarks have charge and a baryon number - strange also has a strangeness value of 1
Charge: Up=+2/3 Down=-1/3 Strange=-1/3
Baryon Number: all =+1/3
Mesons are a quark and an antiquark
Pions are made from up and down quarks
Kaons have strangeness
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