Timur on his paternal
side & Chengiz khan on
his maternal side. At
the young age of 11, he
succeeded his father to
the throne of Farghana
Battles
He captured Kabul in 1504 CE
1524 CE Dault Khan Lodi Governor
of Punjab asked Babur to help him
defeat Ibrahim Lodi , the Sultan of
Delhi
The First Battle of Panipat fought on 21 April 1526
CE.
Babur the master of central India
Battle of Khanwa in 1527 CE, Babur defeated Rana
Sanga
Babur was a brilliant military general, and
elightened emperor, a hard taskmaster and a
stern disciplinarian. He was deeply learned in
Persian and Arabic, and one of the most famous
writiers in the Turkish language. A keen
naturalist ,
Autobiography : The Tuzuk-i0 Bauri is classic of
world literature.
Babur died in Agra
at the age of 47 on 5
January [O.S. 26
December 1530]
1531 and was
succeeded by his
eldest son,
Humayun. He was
first buried in Agra
but, as per his
wishes, his mortal
remains were
moved to Kabul and
reburied in Bagh-e
Babur in Kabul
sometime between
1539–1544.
Humayun (1530- 40
CE / 1555- 56 CE)
Nasiruddin
Muhammad
Humayun,succeeded his
father Babur as the
emperor in 1530 CE.
Humayun had
to face the
hostility
Sher Shah
Suri
Battle : Battles
of Chausa and
Kanauj 1539 CE
& 1540 CE
Humayun flee to
Kabul, took shelter
under Safavid Shah
(Persia ) Iran
Sher Shah Suri Died in 1545 and
his successors proved to be
weak and incompetent.
Humayun
recaptured Delhi
and Agar in 1555
Died in 1556 due to
injuries caused when
he fell down the stairs
of his librarty.
Akbar
(1556-1605 CE )
Akbar was crowned
the king with Bairam
Khan as his regent.
Born in 1542 at
Amarkot when
Humayun was in
exile. His accession to
the throne gave
Hemu the genral of
the Afghan leader Adil
Shah Sur,
Hemu became the master of Delhi
for a short period but was
eventually defeated and killed by
Bairam Khan in the Second Battle
of Panipat in 1556CE
Akbar freed himself from the
guardianship of Bairam Khan and
took the reins of the govenment in
1560 CE
Conquests
The mughal empire
under Akbar
extended from the
himalayas in the
north to Godavari in
the soutj amd the
Himdukush
mountains in the
northwest to river
Brahmaputra in the
east.
Control towards Malwa - 1561 CE . In 1572,
Akbar occupied Ahmedabad and Surat. The
defeat of the Afghan ruler, Daud Khan in
the Battle of Rajmahal brought Bengal
under the control of the Mughal empire. In
the Deccan , Ahmdnagar m Khandesh and
Berar were occupied by 1600- 1601
Relationship with
the Rajputs
Matrimonial alliance with
the Rajputs
Harkha Bai (Jodhbai) duaghter of Raja
Bharmal of Amber
He assigned high posts to Rajput chiefs
such as Raja Todar Mal and Man Singh in
the army and adminstration
Akbar 's Religious Policy
Din-i- Liahi
The best features of all
the religions in a grand
synthesis
Sulh-i- Kul
Universal Peace or
Ibadat Khana
Akbar Built a Hall of
Prayer at Fatehpur
Sikri in 1575
Akbar's reign is recorded in
history as the Golden Age of the
Mughal Empire
Akbar 27 October 1605,
Fatehpur Sikri due to
illness
Jahangir (1605-27 CE)
He brought an end to four -
decade long struggle with
Mewar by defeating RAna
Amar Singh in 1615 Ce,
During his reign, people from Europe
visited India with the aim of securing
trade concessions.
Jahangir granted permission to
set up a factory at Surat.
Jahangir's twentieth wife
Nur Jahan (Mehrunissa)
She promoted her family members to improtant
post in the administration. She struck coins in her
name during Jahangir reign.
He was deeply fascinated by art and
architecture, keen naturalist and a
birdwatcher.
Autobiography Tuzuk-i
Jahangiri
Jahangir died on the journey from Kashmir to
Lahore, near Sarai Saadabad in Bhimber in
1627.
Shah Jahan (1627-58 CE) Prince Khurram
The Padshahnama
(Chronicle of the Emperor)
official history of Shah
Jahan's Reign.
Shah Jahan Administration and Military Campaigns
Agar, Lahore, Delhi and Ahmednagar were
connected to trading activities through a
network of roads.
Mumtaz Mahal
The grand and beautiful Taj Mahal at Agra
was built in the memory of Mumtaz
Struggle for succession began among
Dara Shikoh , Shuja, Murad and
Aurangzeb,
Aurangzeb emerged successful
and occupied the throne in 1658 ,
Aurangzeb (1658-1707 CE)
He ruled India for almost 50 years and
adopted the title Alamgir (Conqoeror of
the World)
Religious policy brought him in
conflict with the nnth Sikh Guru
Teg Bahadur
He also undertook a series of
unpopluar meaures such as the
re-imposition of taz, jizta on non -
muslims
His death in
1707,virtually marked
the end of the Great
Mughals
Bahadur Shah eimerged victorious
and ascended the throne in 1707 CE
Many provinces broke away from the enpire and established
themselves as independent kingdoms
Shah Jahan became Aurangzeb's prisoner at
Agra Fort in 1658 and died in 1666