Marxist Theory of Bourgeoisie Revolution

Must be able to interpret the F R completely to understand complete social structure
Marx + Engels- "B...conquered for itself, in the modern representative state, exclusive political sway"
M- T F R was an e.g of Eng R
1. B headed movement
non-B + W/C had same interests as B
1. Even when they fought against B they still had same aim
Rev was European Rev
1. created a new social order
  1. B overthrowing Feudalism
Bourgeoisie Revolution
Revisionist Against This View
1. M- B at front of R
  1. No clear diving line between classes
    1. B- land owners + some had seigneurial rights
      1. Peasants revolted against taxes
      2. 'feudal reaction'
      3. Peasants- didn't want capitalism moving into rural areas
        R B- made up of declining professional workers
2. Revisionists- Furet + Richet- rev did not compromise the Ancien Regime
  1. T R did not stay with one aim or course throughout
    1. Jacobins had separate aims from B + masses
Structure
1. rev that promoted capitalism
  1. change in the pow of S
    1. B became dominant + capitalism took over
    2. B led the way in rev but capitalist class still had strong role
      1. proletarian revs create a socialist system
        B revs help capitalist production increase and become dominant
Classical B Rev
1. Internal crises within A.R + R/C caused fall- revisionist
  1. Lenin- w/c did not want to live under A.R + R/C could not continue to do so
    1. B developed due to their economic prosperity- seigniorial rights + land
      1. Mon unstable + so hard to buy nobility
        some Nobility against others- court nobility disliked
        Estate G- limits to B advancement + share of pol pow
        3rd E dominate
        clergy- divided
        nobles- opposed
        The outvoting of 3.E caused a B Rev- against R/C
        they challenged mon + R/C
        created National Assembly- June 1789
        B in control
        B capitalist system then in place- based on property and wealth- not birth right- destroying nobility privileges
        had to have Paris on their side- Capture of Bastille 14th July
        fear of capitalistm in urban areas + high bread prices=
        peasant uprisings
        Triggered also by 1788-89 economic crisis
        Urban movement- driving force of rev
        Soboul- "sans- culotterie did not constitute a class"
        Fragile times- rations of food
        united artisans in a common interest + wanted price controls
        Law of the General Maximum 29th Sept 1793- allowed for food for families
        Richet "under Robespierre, blood flowed and there was enough bread...blood no longer flows and there is a shortage...we must spill a little blood before we can get bread"
        overthrew feudal system 4th Aug 1789
Rich and Poor had increasing tension
1. high food prices
2. harvest failures
3. M see the T rev was caused to do B rise due to the resulting increase in Capitalism
  1. B were agents of capitalism
    1. B overtook T monarchies pow
      1. had land and economic pow
        mainly due to commerce and industry
        Cobben- against this as saw majority of 3.E had nothing to do w commerce.- many B not against feudalism as land/property owners
        many brought titles of nobility
        Blanning "with so many B behaving like nobles + so many nobles behaiving like b, it is difficult to find much evidence of class- conflict between T two"
      2. B able to dominate due to the Pol pow of mon collapsing
        ran out of money and nobility + aristocrats turning against them due to taxation
        Lefebvre saw that Rev began w aristocratic revolt, rather than B - due to reforms
        nobility got support of B which motivated B to pursue own aims

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Marxist Theory of Bourgeoisie Revolution

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