Philosophical Developments in Post Mauryan period

Nature of Indian Philosophy
1. Modern distinction between religion and philosophy is difficult to maintain w.r.t ancient cultures
2. All had something to do with path to salvation.
  1. Eventually came to be connected with one or the other religious traditions
3. Darshana: To view
4. Anvikshika: Looking at, eventually came to mean Logical reasoning
Categorisation
1. Nastika School
  1. Rejected the authority of the vedas
  2. Buddhism, Jainism, Charvaka
    1. Charvaka: Sutra composed by Brihaspati
2. Astika School
  1. 6 Schools of thought
    1. Purva Mimamsa
      1. Aim: Liberation through performance of vedic rituals: Karma Marg
      2. Thinker: Jaimini
        Book: Mimamsa Sutra
      3. Gods Irrelevant
    2. Uttara Mimamsa
      1. Aim: Liberation through Knowledge: Gyanmarg
      2. Emphasis on knowledge over sacrifice
      3. Primacy of Upanishads
      4. Acknowledged existence of God or supreme soul
      5. Thinker: Badrayana
        Book: Vedanta Sutra
    3. Vaisheshika
      1. Aim: Investigate the particularities of the pluralities of things that exist in the world
      2. Thinker: Uluka Kanada
        Book: Vaisheshika Sutra
      3. Pluralistic Realsim
      4. Different combination of constituent atoms produce the various things in the world
    4. Nyaya
      1. Aim: Liberation through "true knowledge" gained from resoning
      2. Thinker: Akshapada Gotama
        Nyaya Sutra
      3. Logical understanding of nature and bases of knowledge
      4. Laid down formal method of reasoning
    5. Samkhya
      1. Aim: Liberation through Purusha realizing its distinctiveness from Prakriti
      2. Thinker: Ishvarakrishna
        Book: Samkhya Karika
      3. Kapila considered legendary founder of Samkhya
      4. Purusha: The spiritual & Prakriti: The material
    6. Yoga
      1. Aim: Focus the mind in such a way so as to achieve complete tranquility and control
      2. Thinker: Considered to be Patanjali
        Book: Yogasutra
  2. Accepted the authority of the Vedas

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Philosophical Developments in Post Mauryan period

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