Method: set up apparatus as shown in diagram. Flask should be less than half full.
Place an empty tube or beaker to collect distillate. Support this tube in test tube
rack. Heat flask of solution using a bunsen burner. Collect a half tube of distillate.
Diagram see pg 67
Chromatography
Separate colours
Method and
diagram Pg 75
Filtration
You need to have an
insoluble material
which can be filtered
Place the mixture bit by bit in the folded
filter paper which is supported by the
funnel. Collect the filtrate in a beaker or
test tube once it passes through the
filter paper. The residue will remain in
the folded filter paper
Evaporation
When something has dissolved,
the liquid needs to be
evaporated to separate them
The more fine the
soluble substance
e.g. sugar is, the
quicker it dissolves
The hotter the temperature the more
the soluble substance dissolves
Liquids such as water evaporate (liquid to gas)
to leave compounds which cannot evaporate.
E.g. water evaporates leaving calcium
carbonate, thus petrifying an absorbent
material
Heating until the
liquid has
evaporated and
the soluble
substance is left
Solvents
Dissolves a certain substance
e.g. alcohol is a solvent
(dissolves) ballpoint pen ink