6.4 How Do Enzymes Promote Biochemical Reactions?

Catalysts promote reactions by overcoming activation energy without added heat.
1. Catalysts are called enzymes in biological entities and nearly all are proteins.
2. Three important properties of catalyst: 1. Speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy. 2. Can speed up both exergonic and endergonic reactions. 3. Catalyst are not consumed or permanently changed by the reaction they promote.
3. A catalyst speeds up a reaction by reducing the reaction´s activation energy.
4. Catalysts are molecules that speed up the rate of a reaction without themselves being used up or permanently altered.
Enzymes are proteins. The combination or substrate selectivitgy, substrate orientation, temporary chemical bonds, and the distortion of existing bonds promotes the specific chemical reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, me.
The speed at which a reaction occurs is determined by its activation energy.
1. Activation energy is how much energy is required to start the reaction.
An enzyme has a pocket, called the active site, into which reactants molecules, called substrates, can enter.

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