MR GHASSAN

Hypertension
1. classification
  1. Primary
    1. Typically after 40 years of age
    2. Genetic predisposition
    3. No known cause
    4. No treatment. Only managment.
    5. Makes up more than 90% of cases
  2. Secondary
    1. Typically in younge age
    2. Less common type
    3. Known underlying cause
      1. Kidney dysfunciton
        Adrenal cortex disease
      2. Pregnancy
      3. Thyroid dysfunction
        Hyperthyroidism
        Hyperparathyroidism
    4. Treatment requires removing underlying cause
2. Stage 1
  1. systolic pressure ranging from 130 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure ranging from 80 to 89 mm Hg
3. Stage 2
  1. systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher.
Target organ damage
1. Brain
  1. Stroke
2. Eyes
  1. Increased intraocular pressure
  2. Retinal vessel haemorrhage
  3. Blurred vision
3. Heart
  1. Heart failure
  2. Left ventricular hypertrophy
  3. Myocardial Infarction
4. Arteries
  1. Aneurism
  2. Atherosclerosis
5. Kidneys
  1. Nephrosclerosis
  2. Renal infarction
Signs and symptoms
1. Headaches
2. Claudication
3. Eye damage
Managment
1. Anti-hypertensive drugs
  1. Vasodilators
  2. Diuretics
  3. ACE inhibitors
  4. ARBs
  5. Antiadrenergics
  6. Calcium channel blockers
Hyperlipidemia
1. Type I
  1. Hypercholymicronemia
    1. Triglycerides
2. Type IIa
  1. Familial hypercholestrolemia
    1. Cholesterol
3. Type IIb
  1. Familial combined hypercholetrolemia
    1. Cholesterol and TGs
4. Type III
  1. Dysbetalipoproteinemia
    1. TGs and cholesterol
5. Type IV
  1. Familial Hypertriglyceridemia
    1. TGs
6. Type V
  1. Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency
    1. TG's and cholesterol
Risk factors
BMI
Blood pressure control

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MR GHASSAN

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