Second Language Acquisition Theories

Universal Grammar
1. Chromsky
2. Description: All languages have the same parts of speech that make it up
3. Classroom Application: When translating between languages, the teacher and student can compare different words to similar parts of speech within own native language.
Social Interactionism
1. Gass
2. Description: Learners use their linguistic environment to build their knowledge
3. Classroom application: The student requires immersion into desired language within the classroom to fully absorb the language
Input Hypothesis
1. Krashen
2. Description: how a learner acquires language
3. Classroom Application: The speaker models or illustrated different words or phrases to allow the learner to understand
Behaviorist
1. Skinner
2. Description: Someone can be taught through a process of stimulus, response, and reinforcement, becoming a habit
3. Classroom Application: Students who are continually exposed to the same conditioning, like within routines, will learn the desired skill through repetition.
Monitor Model
1. Krashen
2. Description: The learner natural acquires language through exposure and will become fluent and begin monitoring when and how to use the language through constant comprehensible input
3. Classroom Application: Through conversations within cooperative groups and activities, EL students will become fluent and able speakers of their second language.

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