Crypto U1, Basic Principles

Nota:

• Quizlet flashcards (http://quizlet.com/15532068/everyday-cryptography-chapter-1-flash-cards/) (tutor reviewed and approved) Password:  imy002 Vocabulary is used throughout the entire course.  This provides the formal definitions set in the first chapter.

1. cost
   1. monetary
   2. ease of use
   3. efficiency of operation
2. strength
3. appropriateness of use

1. encryption
2. steganography
3. access control

1. 3 standard assumptions about attackers ability
   1. has access to all ciphertexts
   2. has some corresponding plaintext and ciphertext pairs
   3. knows encryption algorithm
2. 2 types of crypto algorithm "breaks"
   1. method to find key
      1. for example: exhaustive key search
         1. also known as a brute force attack
      2. for example: use statistical properties of plaintext language to help reverse engineer key
   2. weakness is found in algorithm and makes key unnecessary
3. How an attacker knows when he/she has found the correct key
   1. apply key to known plaintext/ciphertext pairs
   2. Has knowledge of plaintext language.
   3. may have contextual information that gives a clue
4. kinds of attacks
   1. exploiting short key length
   2. dictionary attacks
   3. exploiting key derivation process
   4. time memory tradeoff attacks
   5. cryptographic primitive-specific attacs
      1. birthday attacks
      2. statistical attacks
      3. differential and linear cryptanalysis
   6. algorithm specific attacks
   7. side channel attacks
      1. timing attack
      2. power analysis
      3. fault analysis
      4. padding attacks
   8. academic