1.1 Introduction to cells

Cell theory
1. smallest life unit
2. from pre-existing cells
3. living organisms-cells
Unicellular organisms
1. carry all functions
  1. metabolism-excrete respire
  2. response to stimuli
  3. growth
  4. reproduction
  5. homeostasis
  6. nutrition
Surface area: volume
1. cellsize limited
  1. diffusion of exchange materials
2. v increase more than s.a
  1. leads to problem
    1. necessary exchange limited;
    2. overcome
      1. protruding extensions
      2. flattening cells
Emergent properties
1. Multicellular organisms
  1. achieve more than = of each cell could do
    1. cells interact
Magnification
1. magnified size / real size
2. using microscopes
  1. TEM
    1. study internal
  2. SEM
    1. study outer cells
  3. light compound mic
    1. objective lens power * eyelens power
Stem cells-unspecialised
1. totipotent
  1. embryo
    1. high potency of all cell
2. pluripotent
  1. zyogote --> blastocyst
    1. apart potency
3. multipotent
  1. limited potency
4. differ normal cells
  1. undifferentiated
  2. self-sustaining
5. therapeutic use
  1. bone marrow transplant
    1. treat leukaemia
  2. Stargardt's disease
    1. retinal pigment epithelial cells

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