Headaches

Descripción

Med Surg Headache Concept Map
veepalli
Mapa Mental por veepalli, actualizado hace más de 1 año
veepalli
Creado por veepalli hace casi 9 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Headaches
  1. Migraines
    1. Triggers: Caffeine, Red Wine, Stress, Change in weather
      1. Three categories: With aura, Without aura, and Atypical

        Nota:

        • What is an aura? Sensation such as visual changes that signals the onset of a headache or seizure *Most headaches are migraines without aura *Atypical migraines-less common & are menstrual and cluster migraines
        1. Occurrence w/o aura: Episodic, Lasts 4-72 hours
          1. Occurrence atypical: lasts more than 72 hours
          2. Symptoms: Unilateral, Intense stabbing pain, worse with movement, N/V, photophobia/phenophobia

            Nota:

            • What is photophobia? light sensitivity  What is phonophobia? sound sensitivity 
            1. Treatment: Abortive therapy, Medication, CAM

              Nota:

              • Treatment: 1.) Abortive therapy: Stop the pain at the aura phase 2.) Medication (Mild) 3.) Medication (Severe) CAM therapies- yoga, meditation, relaxation, massage, exercise, acupuncture
              1. MILD Meds
                1. Acetaminophen
                  1. NSAIDS
                    1. Antiemetics for N/V
                      1. Reglan

                        Nota:

                        • Administered with NSAIDS to promote gastric emptying and decrease vomiting  -Increases motility in gut
                      2. SEVERE Meds
                        1. Triptan

                          Nota:

                          • -relieves headache and symptoms by activating receptors on the cranial arteries  -Given nasal, PO, & IM -Does not go well with SSRI's; overdose of SSRI and then issues in the brain -Also does not go well with St. John's Wart 
                          1. Zomig
                            1. Imitrex
                              1. Patient teaching/Safety

                                Nota:

                                • -Take triptan as soon as migraine develop -report angina to prevent damage or myocardial ischemia -Use cntraception -common side effects: flushing, tingling
                            2. Other drugs: calcium channel blockers, antiepileptic, beta blockers

                              Nota:

                              • Pt teaching for cardiac drugs: check pulse and report bradycardia or fatigue and SOB
                          2. Clusters
                            1. Triggers: Stress, Alcohol, Relaxation, Napping, REM sleep
                              1. Occurrence: 30 mins - 2 hours, unilateral pain; CHRONIC

                                Nota:

                                • -Reoccurs every few weeks -Brief periods of pain during the same time (mornings ex.)
                                1. Symptoms: Excrutiating, nonthrobbing, rhinorrhea, ptosis, facial edema
                                  1. Treatment: Meds, O2, Surgery, CAM

                                    Nota:

                                    • *Same drugs for migraines: Triptans, Calcium channel blockers, antiepleptics -Lithium and corticosteroids -O2-15-20 mins (high flow mask) -Surgery-Trigenimal nerve
                                  2. Assessment: r/o Tumors, anuerism, high BP

                                    Nota:

                                    • Assessment of Headaches:  1.) rule out anything else 2.) Pain assessment-0-10, PQRST 3.) Get History & Physical 4.) Clusters or Migraines?
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