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3906791
BMAT Chemistry
Descripción
GCSE A2 Chemistry Mapa Mental sobre BMAT Chemistry, creado por Clodagh Mullins el 29/10/2015.
Sin etiquetas
a2 chemistry
gcse
Mapa Mental por
Clodagh Mullins
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Clodagh Mullins
hace alrededor de 9 años
18
2
0
Resumen del Recurso
BMAT Chemistry
Atoms
Plum pudding vs Bohr
Atomic Structure
reactions to produce compounds
ionic and covalent
Volatility- liquid heated- fast moving surface materials overcome forces of attraction and evaporate- volatility is how easily it evaporates
testing for ions
flame test on positive metal ions
Lithium- crimson
Sodium yellow
Potassium lilac
Calcium- red
Barium Green
Common Gas test
cl- bleach litmus paper
oxygen relights glowing splint
Hydrogen- squeaky pop
Negative Ions
Acid + carbonate= carbon dioxide
Halide- silver nitrate test
add dilute HCL followed by barium chloride= white precipitate
Extraction of metals
ore=enough metal to be economically viable
Reduction with carbon- oxygen from ore is removed
Reactivity series- if it is less reactive than carbon it can be extracted using it
if it's more reactive it can be extracted using electrolysis
Displacement
Nota:
reactive metal add dissolved metal compound- reactive metal will replace the less reactive metal
scrap iron can displace copper from a solution
Organic Chemistry
Fractional Distillation
Alkanes
Alkenes
reactive c=c
Electrophilic Addition
Bromine water test
Addition polymers
HDPE- low temp, low pressure + catalyst
LDPE- high temp and pressure
Complete vs incomplete combustion
alcohols
solvents
fuels
Carboxylic Acids
React with carbonates
Classifying materials
bonding- ionic vs covalent
Isotopes
Group 1
Reactivity increases down the group
Reaction with cold water produces hydrogen and a hydroxide
Form ionic compounds with non metals
Halogens
Down the group- less reactive bc it's harder to gain an electron
high mp/bp
React with alkali metals to form salts
Displacment
chlorine + sodium hydroxide > bleach + sodium chloride +water
Transition Metals
good catalysts
Calculations in chemistry
Relative atomic mass from mass spectrum
Empirical Formula
1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm cubed
percentage yield
Chemical Change
Acids and Alkali
Neutralisation producing a salt and water
acids produce protons
Strong= ionise completely- weak acids= do not fully ionise
Nota:
strong acid better electrical conductor
Acids + metal= salt + Hydrogen
Hydrochloric acid produces chloride salts/ sulfuric acids produce sulfate salts
Metal oxides and Metal Hydroxides are Bases
acid + metal carbonate > salt + carbon dioxide + water
salts of carbonates and hydroxides are insoluble
Energy Transfer
Exothermic vs Endothermic
reversible reactions
Break bonds requires energy, make bonds releases energy
calorimiter
Q= MC delta T
Equilibrium
Temp/pressure/conc
Haber process- comprimise
Nota:
iron catalyst
Rates of Reaction
Temp, Conc, Catalyst , surface area
collision theory- increased collisions= increased rate of reaction
Reactant used (or product formed) over time
Electrolysis
splitting using electricity- +ive ions to cathode, -tive ions to anode
more reactive ions displace hydrogen and stay in the solution longer
electroplating- use electrolysis to coat the surface of a metal with another metal
Water
hard water
produces scum with soap and scale when heated
healthy teeth and bones and less heart disease
temporary hardness is removed by boiling
both removed by adding sodium carbonate and ion exchange columns
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