Nutrients

Nutrients

Substances found in food that you use to obtain energy, build or repair tissue and regulate body functions
Needed to:
1. Fuel your energy
2. Help you grow
3. Repair itself
4. Maintain basic bodily functions
6 essential nutrients
1. Water
  1. Most basic nutrient; can't survive more than a few days without it
2. Carbohydrates
  1. Come in two forms: simple and complex
    1. Simple: High in calories, low in nutritional value
    2. Complex: excellent source of energy; aids in digestion
3. Protein
  1. Nutrient most people get plenty of
    1. Complete: Contain all 9 essentials; found in animal sources
    2. Incomplete: Lack one or more of the essentials; found in plant sources
4. Fats
  1. Brain and nerves don't work well without it
  2. Provide substances needed for growth, provide energy, enhance taste
  3. Saturated fats: raise bad cholesterol
  4. Trans fat: created in food manufacturing when liquid vegetable oils are turned into solid fat using a process called hydrogenation
  5. Unsaturated fats: 2 types
    1. Polyunsaturated: provide two essential fatty acids
    2. Monounsaturated: Play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease
5. Vitamins
  1. Help break down energy from protein
6. Minerals
  1. Perform a variety of functions in the body
Fiber: indigestible but helps digestion
1. Speeds up food passage
Amino acids
1. Chemical acids in protein
2. 20 total
3. The human body can produce 11 of them
4. The other 9 called "essential amino acids" are the ones that must be recieved through foods
Cholesterol: Fat substance in every cell of the body
1. Help make necessary cells

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