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Chloroplasts
Descripción
A-Level Biology Mapa Mental sobre Chloroplasts, creado por Penny Marsden el 05/12/2015.
Sin etiquetas
biology
a-level
Mapa Mental por
Penny Marsden
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Más
Menos
Creado por
Penny Marsden
hace más de 8 años
11
0
1
Resumen del Recurso
Chloroplasts
Structure
inner membrane contains transport proteins
allows an exchange of substances between cytoplasm and stroma
link
stacked thylakoid membranes increase surface area for photosynthetic pigments, electron carriers and ATP synthase enzymes
assists light dependant stage of photosynthesis
photosynthetic pigments arranged into photosystems
allows maximum absorption of light energy
grana are sorrounded by the stroma
products of light dependant can pass into stroma for light independant
link
stroma contains enzymes to catalyse reactions of light independant
increases rate of light independant
proteins embedded in grana
hold photosystem in place
chloroplasts contain basic ribosomes and DNA
can make some of the protein needed for photosynthesis
Photosynthetic pigments
absorbs certain wavelengths of light and reflects others
appears as colour that it reflects
many different pigments act together
to capture as much light energy as possible
they're found in thylakoid membranes
arranged in photosystems (funnel shape)
Chlorophyll
a mixture of pigments of similar structure
one long phytol (hydrocarbon) chain and porphryn group (similar to haem group but with magnesium atom)
when the right wavelengh of light hits it, two electrons become excited
chlorophll A is yellow-green and can either be P680 or P700
each absorbs red light at a slightly different wavelength (absorption peak)
both found at the centre of photosystems (primary pigment reaction centre)
P680 is in photosytem 2 and its peak absoption is 680 nm
P700 is in photosystem 1 and its peak absoption is 700 nm
both also absorb blue light of wavelength 450 nm
chlorophll B absorbs light of wavelengths around 500 and 640 nm
appears blue-green
Accessory pigments
carotenoids reflect orange and yellow light and absorb blue
carotene (orange) and xanthophyll (yellow) are the main carotenoid pigments
don't contain a porphryin group
they're not directly involved in the light dependant reaction
they pass the energy associated with wavelengths that are not well absorbed by chlorophyll to the primary pigment
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