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41958
Chapter 1
Descripción
ICT Mapa Mental sobre Chapter 1, creado por green.george el 09/04/2013.
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ict
ict
Mapa Mental por
green.george
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green.george
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Resumen del Recurso
Chapter 1
Data & Information
Data types
Alphanumeric (text/string)
Graphics
Sound
Processing
Structure - how data is organised or formatted
Context - Prior knowledge and understanding
Meaning - Data is within the correct structure and context
Definition
Data - Random facts and figures without meaning e.g. 12102005
Information - Processed data
Representation methods
Sound
No LOS or fixed position required
No problem for visually impaired
Not useful in large areas
Graphics
multi-lingual
can match real life image
Confusing without context
Symbols can mean different things
Text
Clear to understand
High level of detail
Language barriers
difficult at a distance
Can be confusing
Moving pictures (animations)
Lots of information
Not language dependant
Linear - may require the beginning to make sense
Issues if linked with sound
LED's
Can be used in noisy places
Similar to graphics
Need LOS
Combinations will require context
Data Types
Number
Real - decimal places or fractions e.g. 10.5 0.0003
Integer - no decimals or fractions e.g. 3, 157
Date/Time
Formatted into date/time with variations e.g. US and UK dd/mm/yyyy
String/Text
Alphanumeric can be words, numbers or symbols (phone numbers) e.g. 07511 262 756
Boolean
Yes/No, On/Off 0,1 values
Primary/Secondary
Primary - Self collected for a specific purpose
Secondary - Collected by someone else for a different purpose
Data Sources
Static - Information that once published, can not be changed e.g. a book
Greater checks for accuracy
Can be used without computer access
Historical copies can be referred back to
Can be damaged or lost, with only one copy
Takes longer to produce e.g. publishing
Mistakes are difficult to correct
Dynamic - Information that can be changed after publishing
Quick to produce
Easy to correct mistake
New copies can easily be issued
Checked for accuracy less often
Need internet access
No historical version
Quality of information
Accuracy
Relevance
Level of detail
Age
Completeness
Presentation
Verification - checks that data corresponds with the original copy
Double entry - entering data twice and the computer checks if they match
Manual verification - Checking the data against a hard copy
Errors
Transcription - adding or missing a letter
Transposition - When you have reversed 2 numbers or letters
Validation - Checking that data is plausable
Range check
Picture Check
Type Check
Presence Check
Length Check
Lookup Check
Check Digit
Backup and archiving
Backing up is saving a copy to another location
Archiving is storing the data offsite, you don't currently need those files but may be useful later on (makes room for new data)
Cost of producing information
Hardware - Printers, monitors etc. and maintenance
Software - Graphics and documents sometimes subscription fee
Consumables - Paper, ink etc.
Personnel - Employees and staff salaries/wages
Feedback Loop
Output
Feedback
Input
Storage
Processing
Turnaround document
Encoding - changing its representation via abbreviation
Easier to validate
Security
Speed of input
Less precise
Need knowledge of code
Limited number of codes
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