Bullying: Theories

Descripción

University Educational Psychology Mapa Mental sobre Bullying: Theories, creado por Maisie Rose Woodward el 11/01/2016.
Maisie Rose Woodward
Mapa Mental por Maisie Rose Woodward, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Maisie Rose Woodward
Creado por Maisie Rose Woodward hace casi 9 años
365
6

Resumen del Recurso

Bullying: Theories
  1. Ecological Systems Theory
    1. Adapted for bullying from Bronfrenbrenner (1994) by Hong + Espelage (2012)
      1. Microsystem = pattern of activities/roles/interpersonal relationships experienced by a child in a particular setting where they are directly involved (e.g. home, classroom, playground)
        1. Mesosystem = relationship between 2 or more settings in which the child actively participates
          1. Exosystem = setting where child is not directly involved, but it affects/is affected by settings that do directly involve the child. E.g. neighbourhood environment, local authority's policy on bullying, exposure to violence in media...
            1. Macrosystem = influence of cultural/subcultural mores and belief-systems.
              1. Chronosystem = consistency/change of the child and their environment over time
                1. Tells us risk factors for different settings, with implications for the importance of assessing all systems and intervention at multiple levels
                  1. Payne + Gottfriedson (2004) found lower levels of bullying associated with school level factors
                    1. Teacher discussing bullying with pupils
                      1. Teachers recognising bullying behaviour and actually intervening in bullying incidents
                        1. Teachers showing interest in stopping bullying
                          1. Pupil cooperativeness
                            1. These factors also associated with more negative pupil attitudes towards bullying
                          2. Sociocognitive Deficit Theories
                            1. Social information processing model (Crick & Dodge, 1994)
                              1. 6 stages for how social cues are attended to, evaluated, reacted to, etc.
                                1. Skillful processing = social competance, biased processing = aggression and social problems (Crick & Dodge, 1996; Zelli et al, 1999)
                                2. Bullies have biased social information processing - attending preferentially to hostile cues, coding less neutral cues, selecting more instrumental goals over relational goals, evaluating aggressive responses more favourably...
                                  1. BUT not all bullies seem to be socially incompetent, some seem to be skilled manipulators
                                    1. Shakoor et al (2012): longitudinal twin study. Poor Theory of Mind age 5 predicted victim/bully-victim status, but proactive bullies had very strong ToM
                                      1. Proactive bullies socially competent but lacking in empathy + instrumental goals (Arsenio + Lemerise, 2001)
                                      2. Viding et al (2009): 11-13yo self-reports of callous unemotional (CU) traits and psychopathology, peer reports of direct/indirect bullying. Higher CU = increased direct bullying. CU + conduct problems = high risk for engaging in both types of bullying.
                                3. Family influence
                                  1. Social learning theory: aggression is learnt through modelling + reinforcement, early experience particularly influential.
                                    1. Olweus (1994) + Bowes et al (1994)
                                      1. High levels of physical aggression and emotional hostility between parents of bullies and their children
                                        1. These parents often do not set limits to their child's aggression, so it is often successful in achieving the child's goals
                                        2. Parenting style of victims is overprotective and overinvolved
                                        3. Schwartz et al (1997): longitudinal study. Parental behaviour = instrumental in the development of bullying behaviour in some children.
                                          1. Bully-victims: physical abuse, domestic violence, maternal hostility, harsh discipline
                                            1. Bullies: aggressive models, parental conflict
                                              1. Victims: not significantly different from homes of children not involved in bullying, BUT overprotective parenting not studied.
                                            2. Disorganised attachment (Bowlby): Strong associations with problems regulating emotions, behaviour problems in school, psychopathology in adolescence (Green + Goldwyn, 2002)
                                            3. Group process theories
                                              1. Social dominance theory (Nishina, 2004)
                                                1. Evolutionary advantage to bullying behaviour?
                                                  1. Establishing/rebelling against dominance hierarchies
                                                    1. Effects of how the adults in school assert their dominance over children, develop/maintain hierarchies, are important
                                                    2. Bullying an outgroup member increases feelings of ingroup membership
                                                  Mostrar resumen completo Ocultar resumen completo

                                                  Similar

                                                  Inclusive Education: Background and Theory
                                                  Maisie Rose Woodward
                                                  Inclusive Education: Efficacy Research
                                                  Maisie Rose Woodward
                                                  Bullying: Background
                                                  Maisie Rose Woodward
                                                  PA WEEK 4: Assessment of Children
                                                  jfielke
                                                  5 Steps to Learning Success
                                                  Andrea Leyden
                                                  History of Psychology
                                                  mia.rigby
                                                  Biological Psychology - Stress
                                                  Gurdev Manchanda
                                                  Bowlby's Theory of Attachment
                                                  Jessica Phillips
                                                  Psychology A1
                                                  Ellie Hughes
                                                  Psychology subject map
                                                  Jake Pickup
                                                  Memory Key words
                                                  Sammy :P