Stalin's rise to power 1924-29

One Party State in the USSR
1. Bolshevik consolidation of power
  1. Governmental structures
    1. By 1924 gov' developed two main features
      1. Council of People's Commissars
      2. Secretariat
      3. Features of Both
        Established and controlled by Bolsheviks
        under Lenin/ Lenin ruled
        moral authority and strong standing in party= unchallengeable
        Party ruled
    2. Key Organisation= Politiburo
      1. inner core of 20 leading members of Communist Party
    3. By 1922 Soviet Union= 1 party Lenist state
      1. Membership to this party= essential for all government posts
  2. Democratic centralism
    1. Central feature of Lenin's control over Communist Party
    2. True democracy in Bolshevik Party
      1. obedience of the members to the:
        authority
        instructions of the leaders
      2. all Bosheviks= genuine revolutionaries but only leaders were educated enough in revolution to understand what needs to be done
    3. Bolsheviks doing what Lenin told them to do
  3. Authoritarian rule
    1. Abolutionism
      1. returned Russia to what it had been with Tsars
      2. governmental system in which the levers of power are exclusively in the hands of a group or an individidual
    2. Main features:
      1. 1 party state
        all other parties were outlawerd
      2. bureaucratic state
        central powers increased under Lenin
        number of departments and officials grew
      3. police state
        Checka
        Secret police
        impose government control over the people
      4. Ban on factionalism
        prohibited criticism of leadership of party
        ban on free speech
      5. destruction of trade unions
      6. politicizing of the law
        law not= protecting system but extension of political control
      7. system of purges + show trials
        eg. 1922 public trial of Moscow Clergy
      8. Concentration Camps
        Held rebel peasants and 'anti-bolsheviks'
      9. Prohibition of public worship
        Orthodox Church looted and closed
        atheism was adopted
      10. Nationalization
      11. Imposed economic policies
        NEP
        'War Communism'
      12. Cultural revolution
        Culture to be shaped by the power of the state
      13. International isolation
        originally expected Russian revolution to be prelude of the worldwide proletarian uprising.
        Therefore he created Comintern
        adjusted to situation where Soviet Union= isolated marxist
Stalin's emergence as leading contender for power
Stalin's bid for power
Trotsky's opposition to Stalin
The defeat of Trotsky and the Left
The defeat of the Right Opposition

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Stalin's rise to power 1924-29

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