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Vietnam War
Descripción
GCSE History Mapa Mental sobre Vietnam War, creado por Elliemd el 09/02/2016.
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history gcse ocr
history
gcse
Mapa Mental por
Elliemd
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Elliemd
hace más de 8 años
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Resumen del Recurso
Vietnam War
Reasons for Involvement
Poor Leadership of Diem
Nepotistic
He prosecuted Buddhists (80% of population)
Loses support of the South Vietnamese (these people weren't yet communist)
They start to support the Vietcong
Domino Theory
If Vietnam falls, so will Laos and Cambodia
Containment
Military Industrial Alliance
US Industry and army knew war would generate wealth for US
they put pressure on the government to get involved
Gulf of Tonkin 1964
US Maddox (ship) reports it has been attacked by N. Vietnam whilst in the Gulf of Tonkin
Johnson asks Congress for permission to send combat troops
Congress agrees
Reasons for failure
Poor US tactics
Tactics ineffective
Causing S. Vietnamese peasants to support VC
Poorly equipped
Guns didn't work in the climate
Backpacks too heavy
Boots rotted away due to the water
Named missions
Strategic Hamlet
Upset peasants because it moved them away from their homes and ancestors
Search and Destroy
My Lai massacre
US soldiers vulnerable to ambush
Didn't know their enemy
Rolling Thunder
Horrific damage to land and people
Effective VC tactics
Guerilla Warfare
Knew the jungle
Booby traps e.g. punji sticks
No uniform - unidentifiable
Used tunnels and Ho Chi Minh Trail
Media
Made US people against the war
Live coverage of the execution of an unarmed V.C. suspect in Saigon
Shocked America
Photo of Kim Phuc after the Trang Bang bombings
Front of a magazine
Walter Cronkite (celebrity) said that the war was unwinnable live on TV
Government realised it had lost the support of the US public, so couldn't maintain war effort
Protest Movement
Pressurises government to take America out of the war
Convinces Johnson that US needs to withdraw
He doesn't stand for re-election in 1968
Cost
HUGE COST
Needed to help tackle poverty in US at the time
Civil Rights movement happens
Americans refuse to pay taxes, as a protest, because these pay for the war
Tet Offensive 1968
US thinks its winning war as VC had suffered great loses
Believed that open combat would ensure a win
VC attack US bases and S.V cities as a SURPRISE
Initial VC success - make it to Saigon
Shown on live TV
Failure to US because army realise they can't won because VC have an 'inexhaustible' supply of troops
Army generals tell Johnson they won't win
How they withdrew (1968-73)
Nixon's policy
Steps up Rolling Thunder in North Vietnam
Wants to intimidate
Includes Ho Chi Minh trail
Heavily criticised by other countries for bombing Laos and Cambodia
Trained and equipped South Vietnamese troops
They could then continue to fight
Gradually reduce no. of US troops
Last troops withdrawn in 1973
FAILS - Saigon falls in 1975
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