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Treatments Of
Schizophrenia
- Biological Treatments
- Conventional Anti-Psychotics
- also known as neuroleptics
- work by blocking dopamine receptors
- cause lots of unwanted side effects
- only treats positive symptoms
- drugs have to be taken continuously
- can be very expensive
- can be very expensive
- also known as neuroleptics
- Atypical Anti-Psychotics
- treats both positive and negative syptoms
- work less on reducing
dopamine and focus on
altering levels of serotonin in
the brain
- effective in people who were not
responsive to conventional drugs
- have to be taken continuously
- treats both positive and negative syptoms
- Evaluative points
- atypical drugs are better as
they treat both positive and
negative symptoms
- have to be taken constantly or
there is a chance of relapse
- both types of drugs
have lots of side
effects
- conventional:
muscle tremors,
restlessness and jerky
movement
- atypical: weight
gain, nausea and
irregular heartbeat
- conventional:
muscle tremors,
restlessness and jerky
movement
- drugs help to give the individual their lives back
- does not treat the cause of
schizophrenia only the symptom
- Cole et al (1964) compared drug
treatment with a control group
- drug group showed significant
improvement ,75%, to control, 25%.
- drug group showed significant
improvement ,75%, to control, 25%.
- atypical drugs are better as
they treat both positive and
negative symptoms
- Conventional Anti-Psychotics
- Social treatments
- Community Care
- an alternative to
institutional care
- quality of life can be
improved at no extra
cost
- can be argued that services are patchy
- murder of Jonathan Zito
- murder of Jonathan Zito
- hospitals can be seen as
places that can aggravate
some symptoms
- stigmatise those with mental illnesses
- stigmatise those with mental illnesses
- helps people to gain skills
that they need to be able to
function normally
- Stein and Test (1980) compared the
effectiveness of community care
compared to hospitalisation
- found that unsupported
patients discharged has
higher relapse rate (58 out of
65) compared to community
care (12 out of 65)
- found that unsupported
patients discharged has
higher relapse rate (58 out of
65) compared to community
care (12 out of 65)
- the price of setting up and
maintaining community care
is very high
- it puts a lot of responsibility back
onto the families of the patient.
- an alternative to
institutional care
- Community Care
- Cognitive and Behavioural
- Psychoanalytic Therapy
- has little value
- requires the person to have
insight into their condition
- individuals cannot
think and talk
rationally
- individuals cannot
think and talk
rationally
- requires the person to have
insight into their condition
- in patients that have
partially recovered this
therapy may cause the
return of syptoms
- ego may not be able to deal
with talking about the condition
- ego may not be able to deal
with talking about the condition
- ego being overwhelmed by
the demands of the id and
superego
- has little value
- Insight Therapy
- based on the idea that
people can be help to gain
understanding of their
symptoms
- one to one thearpy
- patient has to feel safe and trust the therapist
- patient has to feel safe and trust the therapist
- cognitive therapy attempts
to change negative attitudes
- challenge their
delusions rather than
hide them
- challenge their
delusions rather than
hide them
- based on the idea that
people can be help to gain
understanding of their
symptoms
- Family Therapy
- changing the
communication patterns
within families of
schizophrenics
- especially those with high EE
- especially those with high EE
- get family members to
be more tolerant and less
critical
- improve positive communication
- help family members feel
less guilt and less
responsibility for causing the
illness
- chance of relapse if stopped
- changing the
communication patterns
within families of
schizophrenics
- evaluative points
- Hogarty et al (1986) compared family therapy to other treatments
and relapse rates after 1 year
- medication - 40%
- medication and SST or family therapy - 20%
- medication, SST and FT - 0%
- medication - 40%
- therapy tends to work best
when combined with other
treatments
- talking about the condition may cause relapse
- FT has been found to be very effective in
reducing relapse
- Hogarty et al (1986) compared family therapy to other treatments
and relapse rates after 1 year
- Psychoanalytic Therapy
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