Aristotle Context (384-322 bc)

1. Man is zoon politikon

   Nota:

   • Political and social creatures that must live ethical and harmonious life with others

1. Book V - Theory of Justice
   1. Equality is linked to justice
      1. Arithmetic equality
         1. Corrective/refectory justice
         2. All men are equal in eyes of law both in terms of involuntary (criminal) law and voluntary (keeping of contracts) law.

            Nota:

            • If one man murders another he is affecting the equality of men, refectory justice alters this distubance
      2. Proportional/geomentric equality
         1. Distributive Justice
            1. There are goods to be distributed and this may be unequally but justice is still relevant

               Nota:

               • Eg. two people, one flute yet only one can play, flute should go to the flute player
               1. Treating equals equally and unequals unequally

1. Wasn't native to Athens (Alien)
2. Part of Greek Enlightenment

   Nota:

   • Growth of Philosophy and exclusion of myth

1. Most citizens worked and couldn't indulge in political activity
2. Political equality
   1. One man one vote
3. Equality before the law
   1. Regardless of wealth
4. Natural equality
   1. Everyone has valuable contribution to make
5. Both Plato and Aristotle argue for aristocracy not democracy
6. Pericles Funeral Orientation gives intellectual justification for democracy

Nota:

• Goods = Poltical Power Population = citizen body Standard of distribution?? If standard is; wealth = oligarchy citizenship = democract merit (wisdom + virtue) = aristocracy This is an example of distributive justice.