Opposition Groups

Opposition Groups

Tsar Opposition Before 1905
1. Social Revolutionaries
  1. Land taken from landlords and divided amongst the peasants
  2. Large popular fan base
    1. Intellectuals who wanted contact with the mass of the population
    2. Industrial workers 50% of members by 1905
  3. Peasants – main support for a popular rising
  4. Accepted development of capitalism as a fact because the peasants could rise up against their masters
    1. Overthrow Tsarist government and replaced by a democratic republic
  5. Assassination of Government officials
  6. Agitation
  7. Terrorism
2. Populists/Narodniks
  1. Believed that local peasant organisations (communes) offered the fairest future for Russia
  2. Encouraged the peasants to rise up against the Tsarist Government
  3. Failed to win the support of the peasants
  4. Many were arrested or imprisoned
  5. Disliked the autocratic rule of the Tsars
  6. Led to the founding of two radical parties
    1. Social Revolutionary Party (1901)
    2. Social Democrat (1898)
  7. 1879 – More radical group formed “The People’s Will”
    1. Aimed to assassinate leading members of the Tsarist state
      1. Alexander II in 1881
Political Parties
1. Liberals (Octobrists)
  1. Wanted free elections in which all men could vote
  2. Industrialist support
  3. Used the Zemstva and Duma
  4. Non violent political channels
  5. Businessmen and larger landowners supported them
  6. More Conservative Liberals
  7. Civil rights
  8. Wanted Parliamentary democracy
  9. Used articles in the press, meetings etc
2. Liberals (Kadets)
  1. Aimed for parliamentary democracy, civil rights and free elections in which all men could vote
  2. Academics, lawyers, doctors and progressive landlords
  3. Party of Popular Freedom
  4. Intelligentsia support
  5. Used the Zemstva and Duma
  6. Middle class support
  7. Used articles in the press
  8. Wanted a big change
  9. Non violent political channels
SDs
1. Mesheviks
  1. Broadly based – took in all who wanted to join
  2. More democratic
  3. Organising strikes in factories
  4. Less radical than the Bolsheviks
  5. Members of the intelligentsia
  6. Members have a say in policy making
  7. Broader range of people: more non Russians, Jews and Georgians,
  8. Different types of workers to the Bolsheviks
  9. Working class support
  10. Encouraged trade unions to help working class to improve their conditions
2. Bolsheviks
  1. Centralised leadership
  2. Working class support
  3. Marxism (not as evident here as in the Mensheviks)
  4. Small number of highly disciplined individuals (revolutionaries
  5. Vladimir Lenin
  6. Socialist consciousness to the workers – lead them through the revolution
  7. Organising strikes in factories
  8. Support of more militant, younger peasants who liked discipline, firm leadership and simple slogans

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	Creado por Katie Mortley hace más de 11 años