Our Legal System

criminal law
1. Misdemeanors- Less Serious Crimes
  1. examples
    1. larceny shoplifting
  2. less serious crimes that are punishable with less than 1 year in prison
2. Felonies- Serious Crimes
  1. examples
    1. murder
    2. robbery
    3. bulgary
constitutional law
1. cases over constitutional issues
  1. Gideon v. Wainwright
    1. Established right to a lawyer
    2. 6th amendment
      1. Right to trial by jury
      2. Fair, Speedy, Public Trial
Administrative law
1. Considered a branch of public law
2. governs the act of administrative agencies of government
  1. Examples
    1. Commissions
    2. Boards
    3. Tribunals
civil law
1. Tort is a fancy name for civil law
2. Cases that involve a plaintiff suing another person for damages and more
  1. Plaintiff is the person filing the lawsuit
  2. defendant is the person being sued
U.S. Federal court system
1. U.S. District courts
  1. U.S. courts of appeal
    1. U.S. supreme court
North Carolina state Court System
1. District court
  1. Superior Court
    1. NC Court of Appeals
      1. NC Supreme court
The Steps of a Criminal Case
1. Arraignment
  1. Preliminary Hearing
    1. Superior Court Arraignment
      1. Pretrial Hearing and Motions
        Jury Trial
Gideon v. Wainwright- The case where we won the right to a lwayer
1. Miranda v. Arizona- The case where we won the right to have our rights read to us if we're arrested
  1. Miranda Rights
  2. Mapp v. Ohio- We won the right not to be searched unless a warrant is granted to those persons wanting to search
    1. Search Warrant
    2. Gregg v. Georgia- Reaffirmed our use of the death penalty
      1. Exclusionary Rule
      2. Death Penalty
2. 6th Amendment

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