533009
MIR
(Experimental
Design)
- Matched Pairs
- If you have two groups
... each group would
have the same amount
of boys as girls. They
would do different things
but they would be match
for example same levels
of IQ
- disadvantages - Very time
consuming and difficult to match
all of your participants in this way
- It is impossible to match people for all characteristics
even if you were to use MZ twins between the two
groups! There would be extraneous variables
- It is impossible to match people for all characteristics
even if you were to use MZ twins between the two
groups! There would be extraneous variables
- advantages: No order
effects since each
participant only does the
task once
- You can use the same material twice
- Groups are similar in terms of individual characteristics
- Groups are similar in terms of individual characteristics
- You can use the same material twice
- If you have two groups
... each group would
have the same amount
of boys as girls. They
would do different things
but they would be match
for example same levels
of IQ
- Repeated measures design
- Use the same participants in each group or condition
- advantages - The two groups have the same age, sex,
personality, ideas, past experiences, IQ, reaction times
(crucially for this one) etc. They are perfectly matched.
They are the same people!
- Disadvantages - Order effects: Assuming, as we
expect the group do better on the second day, can
we be sure that this increase in performance is due to
the coffee? It could be that they’ve had the chance to
practice the task the day before! It’s not surprising
they’re better the second time around. This is called
order or practice effect.
- Boredom: Of
course, on some
tasks it could work
the other way, and
a task done the
second time shows
a deterioration
because they’re fed
up with doing it.
- Boredom: Of
course, on some
tasks it could work
the other way, and
a task done the
second time shows
a deterioration
because they’re fed
up with doing it.
- Use the same participants in each group or condition
- Independent measures design
- Different people allocated to different groups
therefore two groups can happen at the same
time
- Disadvantages: Participants are not matched in terms of IQ, personality, age etc.
- You will need twice as many participants.
- You will need twice as many participants.
- Advantages: No order or practice effects
- Can use the same stimulus material (such as word
lists in memory) for each group
- Can use the same stimulus material (such as word
lists in memory) for each group
- Different people allocated to different groups
therefore two groups can happen at the same
time
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