race, class, gender
oppression could not
exist without ideological
justification
controlling images are
part of a generalized
ideology of domination
"major instrument of power" (68)
designed to make racism,
sexism and poverty seem
natural
↪ maintain subordination
objectification
as the other
either/or dichotomous
thinking
e.g. black/white,
male/female,
reason/emotion,
culture/nature...
"In either/or dichotomous thinking,
difference is defined in
oppositional terms. One part is not
simply different from its
counterpart; it is inherently
opposed to its 'other'." (69)
"As objects, one's reality is defined by
other's, one's identity created by
others, one's history named only in
ways that define one's relationship to
those who are subject." - bell hooks (1989, 24)