Popes

Descripción

A-Level (European Reformation) History Mapa Mental sobre Popes, creado por lottelou96 el 25/04/2013.
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Mapa Mental por lottelou96, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por lottelou96 hace más de 11 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Popes
  1. Pre Council of Trent
    1. Alexander VI (1492-1503) - had at least 7 illegitimate children and gave them handsome endowments at the church's expense
      1. When low on finances, he would take money from the rich after murdering or jailing them with false charges
      2. Julius II (1503-13) - 'Warrior Pope'. Reforming the Catholic Church was last thing on his mind, devoting his energy to political & military matters
        1. more of a soldier than churchman; focused on gaining territory for the Papacy at the expense of France, Spain and the HRE
        2. Leo X (1513-21) - financially unstable, had to borrow huge sums from creditors. Practices nepotism and sold indulgences to build St Peter's
        3. Paul III (1534-49) - nepotism & financial corruption. Commissioned report on clerical abuses in 1536: need to reform moral & spiritual conditions
          1. Post Council of Trent
            1. Paul IV (1555-59) - Strict, introduces first Index in 1559. Encouraged Inquisition to arrest and sentence heretics
              1. Also excluded absentee bishops from Rome and sentencing of 100+ monks and friars to prison and to the galleys
              2. Pius IV (1559-65) - Revised Index in 1564 and a catechism was commissioned and completed after his death.
                1. Fathered 3 illegitimate children, appointed underage cardinals, and dispensed papal patronage lavishly
                2. Pius V (1566-72) - epitomised Catholic Reformation. Visited poor, attended lepers, spent weeks in meditation.
                  1. Although he encouraged rulers to attack heresy, little was achieved apart from the Catholic triumph over the Turks at Lepanto
                    1. In keeping with the Tridentine Decrees (from CoT), enforced clerical residence among Italian bishops
                    2. Gregory XIII (1572-85) - 'Super Pope'. Focused energy on reforming Rome for its jubilee. Ordered destruction of decayed buildings, removed prostitutes
                      1. Keen to promote Jesuit missions to Protestant countries. Interested in education and refounded Jesuit college in Rome, all bishops should be qualified
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