Alexander 3's reforms

Local Government
1. Land Captain July 1889
  1. Power to override, and ignore Zemstvo decisions/ elections, village assemblies
  2. Controlled law enforcement
  3. Power of death penalty
2. Changed election arrangements 1890
  1. Peasant vote reduced
    1. Lost the little power/ability to discuss
  2. Zemstvo placed under central gov control
  3. Property owners of certain value ONLY on electorate JUNE 1892
    1. Ensures conservative, aristocratic electorate
  4. ALL CHANGES MADE TAX COLLECTION MORE EFFICIENT, RE-ESTABLISHED CLASS PRINCIPLE IN COUNTRY, LOCAL NOBILITY POWER REASSERTED
Policing
1. Statute on Police Surveillance 1882
  1. Area deemed one of "subversion"
    1. Search and arrest those they expected had done a crime
      1. Those arrested had no legal right to representation
2. Vyacheslav von Plehve heads Dept of Police 1881-1884
  1. Pyotr Durnovo 1884+
  2. More police, branches, spies, counter spies, agent provacteurs
3. Okhrana put Royal family under surveillance
Judicial
1. Minister Justice greater control decree of 1885
  1. Dismiss judges- only favourable to autocracy in control
2. 1887 closed court sessions
  1. At mercy of judge/no fair trial
3. 1889- Appoint own town court judges
4. 1887 property education quals needed for jurors RAISED
5. 1889- Volosts under direct jurisdiction of Land Captain in country, judges in towns
Education
1. Delyanov
2. University Charter 1884
  1. Appointments of chancellor, dean, professor subject based on 'religious, moral and patriotic orientation'
  2. Uni closed to women
  3. Separate uni courts abolished
  4. Students gather no more than 5
3. Lower classes restricted to primary education by Orthodox Church
  1. Prevent growth of radical/independent thinkers
  2. 21% pop literate by 1897
Censorship
1. Tolstoy head of
2. 1882 Temporary Regulations
  1. Newspapers closed
  2. Lifetime bans could issued on editors/publishers
3. More active censors
4. Extended to theatre, art and culture
Peasant reform
1. Land Bank 1883
2. May 1881- Redemptions fees reduced
  1. Arrears cancelled
3. May 1885 poll tax abolished, replaced with inheritance tax

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Alexander 3's reforms

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