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6374589
Chemical Composition of the body
Descripción
Capitulo 2 - Fisiología
Sin etiquetas
fisiología
biología
salud
tercero
Mapa Mental por
Alma Cariño
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
Alma Cariño
hace casi 8 años
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Resumen del Recurso
Chemical Composition of the body
Atoms , Ions and Chemical Bonds
Atoms Structure
Nucleus is the center of the atom
Protons and Neutrons
Protons (Positive Charge)
Atomic Number
Neutrons (Neutral Charge)
Mass Number
Electron (Negative Charge )
Valence Electrons
Outside of the nucleus
Orbitals
Energy Levels
Molecules
Interactions of valence electrons between 2 or more atoms
Produce Chemical Bonds
Isotopes
Different Forms
Atomic Number Equal and Atomic Mass Distinct
Covalent
Atoms share their valence atoms
Nonpolar
Electrons are distributed equally between the two atoms
Polar
It has a positive pole and one negative
Water in the body
Water and Hydrogen
Ionic Bonds
1 or more valence electrons of an atom are transfered
Electrons are not share
The fist atom losses its electrons
Then it has a positive charge
It is called cation
The second atoms has a negative charge
It is called Anion
They are weaker than covalent bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Weak Attraction
Hydrogen atom forms a polar covalent bond with a oxygen or nytrogen atom
Hydrogen atom with a slight positive charge
the other is a electronegative atom
Acid, base and pH
Acids
Donate Hydroge ions to the solution
Increase the concentration of H+
So reduce the pH BELOW 7
Bases
Ion concentration decreases in a solution of Hydrogen
Lessen the concentration of H+
Increase the pH above 7
pH Scale
A negative function of the logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration
Neutral Solution
H+ concentration is equal to the concentration of OH-
pH is 7
Organic molecules
Carbon and Hydrogen Atoms present in covalent bonds
Carbohydrates and Lipds
Carbohydrates
Consist of simple sugars
Monosaccharides
Dissacharides
Polysaccharides
Lipds
Ketones
Are derived smaller of fatty acids
Phospholipids
Contains phosphate
Have a hydrophilic polar group
The remainder of the molecule is hydrophobic
EXAMPLE lecithin
Steroids
Lipids structure of four charactericts rings
Hormones of the adrenal cortex and gonads
Prostaglandins
Family of cyclic fatty acids
Perform a variety of regulatory functions
Triglycerides
Consists of 3 fatty acid molecules
Attached to a GLYCEROL molecule
Proteins
Combained with Carbohydrates , lipids and other molecules
Structure
Composed of long chains of amino acids
attached by covalent peptide bonds
Amino Group
Carboxyl Group
Functional Group
The polypeptide chain can rotate and form a helix
Flex and Bend to form the tertiary structure of the protein
Nucleic Acids
DNA composed of 4 nucleotides
Contein the deoxyribose sugar
Consist of 2 polynucleotide chains
Attached by Hydrogen bonds between their bases
RNA Consists of four nucleotides
Contains the ribose sugar
Adenine
Guananine
Cytosine
Uracil
Consists of a single polynucleotide chain
Recursos multimedia adjuntos
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