Part A) Deontology

1. Utilitarianism

1. deon/duty
2. "wonder and awe...starry heavens and moral law"

1. "fire burns here and in Persia"

1. "act in such a way that their actions become universal law"
2. no slippery slope
3. HJ Paton "formula of the law of nature."
4. consider someone stealing - what would it be like if everyone did the same?

1. "treat humans as an end within themselves"
   1. human rights/justice
      1. "humans are valuable beyond all price" - imago dei
   2. never exploit another - slave trade

1. Summum Bonnum

   Nota:

   • "the perfect agreement of the mind with the moral law is the supreme condition of the Summum Bonum"
2. Sarah Tyler - $1 coin

1. to achieve a particular end
2. e.g. analogy of the shopkeeper
3. "duty should be done for the sake of duty and duty alone"
   1. "good will shines forth like a precious jewel."

      Nota:

      • fixed statements of duty - prescriptive

1. ought implies can

Nota:

• "In morals, the proper and inestimable worth of an absolute good will consist precisely in the freedom of the principle of action from all influences"

1. at first glance
2. beneficience
3. self-improvement
4. justice