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Behavioural Therapies
- Aversion Therapy (Classical Conditioning)
- This removes an undesired
behaviour by associating it with
unpleasant feelings
- This removes an undesired
behaviour by associating it with
unpleasant feelings
- Systematic Desensitisation (Classical Conditioning)
- This is treatment for phobias. First the phobic person makes a 'fear
hierachy. When put in the situation of their least feared event they feel
anxious. They are then encouraged to use a relaxation technique. This is
repeated until the feared event is only linked with relaxation. This whole
process is repeated for each stage of the hierachy until they are calm
through their most feared event.
- This is treatment for phobias. First the phobic person makes a 'fear
hierachy. When put in the situation of their least feared event they feel
anxious. They are then encouraged to use a relaxation technique. This is
repeated until the feared event is only linked with relaxation. This whole
process is repeated for each stage of the hierachy until they are calm
through their most feared event.
- Operant Conditioning
- They control abnormal behaviour by removing the reinforcements
which maintain the behaviour, and giving new reinforcements which
maintain the behaviour, and giving new reinforcements for better
behaviour. Examples include token economy.
- They control abnormal behaviour by removing the reinforcements
which maintain the behaviour, and giving new reinforcements which
maintain the behaviour, and giving new reinforcements for better
behaviour. Examples include token economy.
- Strengths of the Behavioural Model
- It's a scientific approach - it has clear testable concepts, which
may have been supported in many experiments
- Behavioural therapies can be very effective
for treating phobias, eating disorders and
compulsions
- It's a scientific approach - it has clear testable concepts, which
may have been supported in many experiments
- Weaknesses of the Behavioural Model
- It cannot explain all behaviours because it neglects
the influence of genetics and biology and also the
influence of cognitions
- Behavioural therapies are not effective for all disorders
- The procedures sometimes raise
ethical issues e.g. aversion therapy may
be quite distressing
- It only treats the behaviour, so it doesn't
address any underlying causes for it
- It cannot explain all behaviours because it neglects
the influence of genetics and biology and also the
influence of cognitions
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