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Idealism
- The view that what is real depends on the mind
- All that exists are minds & their ideas, sensations
& thoughts. An idealist is an anti-realist
- Berkeley claimed that sense impressions are ideas and
that physical objects don't actually exist outside of the
mind - they are collections of ideas
- Concepts have their origin in
experience of sense impressions
(ideas)
- E.g. I think I have a concept of 'banana', yet I cannot find anything in the idea of
banana after removing what we know of it from the five senses. All that remains
after seconary qualities have been removed is the idea of 'banana'
- Locke: 'Matter is that which I know not what'
- Locke: 'Matter is that which I know not what'
- E.g. I think I have a concept of 'banana', yet I cannot find anything in the idea of
banana after removing what we know of it from the five senses. All that remains
after seconary qualities have been removed is the idea of 'banana'
- Concepts have their origin in
experience of sense impressions
(ideas)
- The tree makes no noise as sense
impressions are ideas and the tree
does not exist in itself, if it is not
perceived it does not exist
- E.g. A blind man cannot have the
concept of 'red', since they have
never experienced red
- There is no possible experience which could
lead us to believe in 'material objects', existence
consists solely of being perceived
- Primary qualities are non-existent,
the apple does not exist without our
sense impressions of it
- Berkeley claimed that sense impressions are ideas and
that physical objects don't actually exist outside of the
mind - they are collections of ideas
- All that exists are minds & their ideas, sensations
& thoughts. An idealist is an anti-realist
- CRIT(Continued Existence): The apple ceases to exist
when the drawer is closed, yet is it rotten when
observed again despite not existing
- The tree does is not perceived to be falling
in the forest, yet it has fallen since the last
observation
- The tree does is not perceived to be falling
in the forest, yet it has fallen since the last
observation
- CRIT(Regularity of the Universe): Idealism gives no
explanation for why the universe is so predicatable
e.g. why do I expect the apple to still be in the
drawer?
- RESP(Berkeley): God plants ideas in our
mind whilst continuingly perceiving the
world, thereby keeping its existence
- CRIT: There is no independent reason to believe in
God - this is a dishonest move from Berkeley, similar
to thatr of the Christian viewpoint that 'God moves in
mysterious ways'
- RESP: The idea that there is matter existing
independently of the mind
- RESP: The idea that there is matter existing
independently of the mind
- CRIT: There is no independent reason to believe in
God - this is a dishonest move from Berkeley, similar
to thatr of the Christian viewpoint that 'God moves in
mysterious ways'
- RESP(Berkeley): God plants ideas in our
mind whilst continuingly perceiving the
world, thereby keeping its existence
- CRIT(Confusion of Ideas): Ideas of sense impressions are objects of
the mind, not acts of the mind. The idealist confuses sense impressions
with desires. The objects of perception can only be partly mental
- RESP: The only true mental act is that of will. We cannot will what
we want to perceive-it is passive, not an act. The objects of
perception are not objects of the world (naive realism). There is no
difference betweenthe act of perception & the object of perception
- RESP: The only true mental act is that of will. We cannot will what
we want to perceive-it is passive, not an act. The objects of
perception are not objects of the world (naive realism). There is no
difference betweenthe act of perception & the object of perception
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