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8879808
SANA with Rash and Easy Bruising
Descripción
Mapa Mental sobre SANA with Rash and Easy Bruising, creado por Salma Mk el 10/05/2017.
Mapa Mental por
Salma Mk
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Más
Menos
Creado por
Salma Mk
hace más de 7 años
72
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0
Resumen del Recurso
SANA with Rash and Easy Bruising
Platelets
1 to 4 um in diameter
platelet count =150,000-300,000/mm3
Functions
hemostasis
prevention of blood loss
when a blood vessel is injured
1) vascular constriction
2) Formation of platelet plug
3) formation of blood clot
involves
endothelium
platelet
clotting factors
formation of platelet plug
release of vasoconstrictors
wound repair-growth factor
facilitates blood coagulation
Thrombopoiesis
stimulated by
Thrombopoietin
MGDF
Il-6
GMCSF
life span= 8-12 days
eliminated by spleen-macrophages
History Taking of Bleeding disorders
family history
congenital or acquired?
alcohol
acute
TCP
BM toxicity
chronic
liver cirrhosis
medication
Aspirin and NSAIDS
immunosuppressant
weight loss/ fever?
Blood Investigations
CBC
platelet count
150,000-450,000/mm3
platelet morphology
schistocytes?
PT
Extrinsic and common pathway
12-14 sec
PTT
intrinsic and common pathway
24-35 sec
BT
2-7 mins
BLEEDING DISORDERS
vessel wall
septic vasculitis
henoch Schönlein syndrome
immune complex vasculitis
herlers danlos disorder
congenital defect in BV
Platelets
number
thrombocytopenia
decreased production
aplastic/megaloblastic anemia
leukemia
myelosuppression:chemotherapy/alcohol
increased destruction
Immune thrombocytpenic purpura
igG antibodies made by the spleen, attacking platelets at 1b and 11b receptors, causing the destruction of them within the spleen
acute ITP
children 2-9 years
less than 6 months
resolves after 6 months by itself
follows a viral infection
severe cases
splenectomy
chronic ITP
adults;females 20-40 years
6 months or longer
secondary causes
SLE
HIV
diagnosed by exclusion
number of platelets increased by corticosteroids
thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
PENTAD
fever
thrombocytopenia
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
renal failure
neuro deficits
deficiency of enzyme that breaks down vWF
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy
Consumptive coagulopathy
systemic activation of clotting factor and platelets
microthrombi formation
increased bleeding tendency
MEDICAL EMERGENCY
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
igG binds to platelet factor 4, leading to platelet activation, platelet aggregation and thrombosis formation
function
congenital
glannzman thrombasthenia
abnormality in glycoprotein 11b/111a
bernard soulier disease
no binding between glycoprotein 1b with vWF
acquired
ASPIRIN
prevents thromboxane formation by cox1
superficial bleeding
purpura
pinpoint hemorrhages
petechiae
3-5 mm hemorrhages
ecchymosis
large bruises
Clotting Factors
inherited
Hemophilia
X linked recessive
factor 8 deficiency
Hemophilia A
factor 9 deficiency
Hemophilia B
PTT elevated
Von willebrand disease
Autosomal dominant
absence of vWF
involved in
prevention of degradation of factor 8
platelet adhesion to damaged endothelium via 1b
PTT and bleeding time elevated
acquired
vitamin K deficiency
PT and PTT increased
liver disease
deficiency of all clotting factors
clinical presentation
hemearthrosis
bleeding into joints
hematoma
bleeding into soft tissue
Recursos multimedia adjuntos
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 10.43.55 Pm (image/png)
Platelet (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 10.55.52 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 10.55.58 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 10.56.12 Pm (image/png)
Coagulationpathway (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 11.16.29 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 11.46.09 Pm (image/png)
Dic (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 11.54.14 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 11.58.20 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 10 At 11.58.23 Pm (image/png)
Screen Shot 2017 05 11 At 12.00.21 Am (image/png)
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